cm 



•iixs.] 



OK I'NOLTSIl FAKMTXG. 



[ci.oD-cnusnEns. 



three knives, as ordered. Price : for one man, 



iClO lOs. ; for two nuMi, £ll ; for hor.-<c-power 

 only, £10 10s.; stoam-pDwer only, .Cll 11*. 

 — The prize chatV-cuttinc; engine, for steam- 

 power, was invented by the hite Hugh Carson, 

 of Warminster, and improved and inanufaclured 

 bv the Messrs. liansomo. It was awanhui the ■ 

 only prize at the Canterbury meeting of the 

 Eo\al Agrieultural Society, and at tlie Cardiff 

 meeting of tlie Batli and West of Enghind 

 Soeitty. Tlio mouth of this machine is lOi 

 inches wide, and it will rise to 5 inches deep. 

 It has two pairs of feed-rollers, rising mouth, 

 and roller, and will cut three lengths of chaff'. 

 The feed can be stopped or reversed instantly 

 at the will of the feeder, or in case of accident. 

 It has three convex knives ; and its price is 

 £13 I'o^. ; pulley for power and change-wheels 

 extra. 



CHURNS. ! 



Although these implements can hardly be 

 said to belong to the machinery of the farm^ ; 

 properly speaking, still they are very necessary 

 in the manipulations carried on in one depart- 

 ment of it. Accordingly we will describe a 

 few of them that have obtained some degree of 

 celebrity. The improved barrel-churn con- 

 sists of a sort of barrel, made of the best oak 

 wood, hung on a frame, so as to revolve 

 without much friction ; the cream is put 

 inside, and the whole turned round by means 

 of the handles ; in this manner the cream is 

 thoroughly shaken, with the least possible ex- 

 penditure of power. It is adapted for from 2 

 to 40 lbs. of butter. Price, £1-.— The patent 

 Sussex churn, invented by Green and Hale, of 

 Brighton, improved by R. Green, of London, 

 and manufactured by Perkins and Son, of 

 London, is made of block tin, with trough for 

 placing hot or cold water, to obtain, at any 

 season of the year, the proper temperature: 

 to make 7 lbs. of butter. Price £I 5*. — 

 The patent American churn, invented by C. I. 

 Anthony, of America, has received prizes at all 

 the meetings of the Eoyal Agricultural Society 

 since its introduction, including that given 

 at the Great Exhibition of ISOl. It is simple 

 in construction, easily cleaned, and the opera- 

 tion of making butter is usually performed in ' 

 ten minutes. The principle is, that by means 

 of cells in the dasher, the air is forced through 

 5 z 



the cream, thereby causing a greater separa- 

 tion of partich'9 to take place, and also a 

 larger quantity of butler to bo made. Tlio 

 price, to make 3 lbs. of butter, ia £l lOs. 



CLf)I). CRUSHERS. 



The clod-crusher, invented by AVilliam Cross- 

 kill, (if Beverley, is an improvement upon tho 

 well-known roller to which tho gold medal of 

 tho Society was awarded, in ISIG; and it re- 

 ceived tho first prize at the competitive trial 

 of clod-crushers at Warwick. The roller-discs 

 are made of different diameters, in order that 

 they may be cleaned by the irregular motion 

 produced ; and they are kept in an upright 

 position by a novel arrangement of the bosses 

 or centres. The 6 ft. size is most generally 

 used. Its price is £16 10*. ; travelling-wheels, 

 £2 extra. — There is a cast-iron press-wheel 

 clod-crusher or land-roller, invented, improved, 

 and manufactured by Messrs. Amies and 

 Benford, Peterborough, Northamptonshire, 

 with cylinders or rings 30 inches diameter, on 

 Cambridge's principle ; but the frame is made 

 wholly of wrought iron, and has a steerage 

 wheel and guide-rod, instead of the ordinary 

 wood shafts. By this arrangement the undue 

 strain upon the shaft horse is avoided, and a 

 saving of at least one-third in power is effected ; 

 the greatest possible strength is also secured. 

 It ia provided with a seat for the driver, 

 which enables him to dispense with the services 

 of a boy, as, with the assistance of reins, he has 

 perfect control over both horses and imple- 

 ment. The price, fitted with patent scrapers, 

 is £19. — jMessrs. Wedlake and Dcndy, Ilorn- 

 ciiurch, Essex, have registered an economic 

 clod-crusher and pulveriser. Tho great defect 

 of all rollers and revolving clod-crushers is, that 

 when the soil is partially pulverised, they have 

 a tendency, instead of crushing the remaining 

 clods, to press them into the loose soil beneath, 

 so that the process of harrowing and rolling 

 must frequently be repeated, and the land thus 

 often rendered hard and solid, without effect- 

 ing the desired pulverisation. This defect is 

 said to be both easily and quickly remedied by 

 the economic pulveriser, which rubs the clods 

 into a fine mould, at the same time levelling 

 the surface of the land, and leaving it light, 

 friable, and in a greatly improved condition. 

 Price £5 15s. 



905 



