THRASHING MACHINES.] IMPLEMENTS AND MACHINERY [lUIiNIP-CUTTEES. 



of 1851, and prizes were awarded to Messrs. 

 Garrett, Hensman, and Holmes ; and though 

 not now possessing actual novelty, there have 

 been so many improvements effected, that the 

 present machine is almost a new invention. The 

 Messrs. Garrett, instead of three blasts, have 

 now contrived one blast, by which the currents 

 of air are conducted through separate channels 

 to dress the grain. The machine is, in con- 

 sequence, much simplified in its construction, 

 and requires less power to drive it. Messrs. 

 Barrett, Exall, and Andrews manufacture a 

 finishing-machine, with their perforated beater 

 drum, and the patent corn-elevator, which 

 dispenses with the ordinary tin cups; there 

 is less wear and tear, and the working gear is 

 more simple. — Messrs. Clayton and Shuttle- 

 worth's improved machines are fitted with a 

 centrifugal-force corn-elevator, which dispenses 

 with six driving-pulleys and three driving- 

 bands. — Messrs. Hornsby's has only one belt 

 for working, giving three dressings with two 

 blasts. — There are also only two running 

 spindles and four pulleys ; the machine is 

 fitted with a centrifugal-force elevator, and a 

 new differential shaker. — Messrs. Eansome 

 and Sims have introduced a new rotary shaker, 

 which separates the straw, carries back the 

 grain to the dressing part of the machine, and 

 carries away the straw. There is also an ad- 

 justable rotary screen, which separates the 

 good from tlie light corn. — Messrs. Turner 

 have a small machine which may be worked 

 by a 4-horse-power engine. — There are also 

 machines made by Messrs. Burrell, Gibbons, 

 Gray, Holmes, Humphries, Eobey, Euston, 

 Tasker, and Uuderhill. In connection with 

 the thrashing machine, a new implement has 

 been brought forward within the last few 

 years. It consists of a frame, on which is a 

 straw-elevator: the straw thrown from the 

 thrashing macliine is received upon the 

 elevator, and is carried by an endless revolv- 

 ing band, with projecting spikes, to a height 

 of 20 feet, and upwards, doing the work of 

 several men in stacking the straw. The old 

 winnowing machine has not been altogether 

 Buperseded by the thrashing machine ; but, in 

 an improved condition, still keeps its place, 

 being better adapted for small holdings than an 

 implement which can only be worked by steam- 

 power. Nor has the steam-power machine 

 922 



thrust out the horse thrashing machines. They 

 are useful on small occupations, and continue 

 in great demand on the continent, where the 

 system of farming has not reached the standard 

 that is required in this country. Many of 

 these useful machines are still manufactured 

 by some of the largest implement-makers. 



TURNIP-CUTTERS AND PULPERS. 

 A root-cutter, invented and improved by 

 G. A. Biddell, of Ipswich, and manufactured 

 by Messrs. Eansome, is an excellent machine. 

 The knives remain stationary, while the hopper 

 revolves on a vertical axis. By this arrange- 

 ment great freedom of cut is attained, and it 

 is impossible for the last piece to escape with- 

 out being cut. It works easily, and cuts roots 

 at a rapid rate. They are made to cut slices, 

 finger-pieces of difierent sizes, and very thin 

 strips. Price, £5 IO5. ; wheels and handles, 

 12s. extra ; pulley for steam-power, extra. — A 

 patent root-pulper, invented by the late 

 F. Phillips, of Brandon, improved and manu- 

 factured by Woods and Cocksedge, has been 

 awarded several prizes by the Eoyal Agricul- 

 tural and other societies. This machine has 

 been perfected, and is now offered as the most 

 simple and effective implement for pulping of 

 roots. All complicated parts are done away 

 with ; there is no worm or cutter-block ; and 

 no oscillating motion is required to assist the 

 cutting-barrel in reducing the largest roots to 

 a fine regular mince. This is a small-sized 

 macliine for limited occupations, for stables, 

 or where one or two cows are kept. Easily 

 worked by a lad. Price, £3 10s. — Another, 

 of larger size, by the same makers, has the 

 cutting-barrel or cylinder 12 inches in diame- 

 ter, 14 inches in width, and is constructed 

 entirely of iron ; each tooth being fixed in sepa- 

 rately, and secured by a wooden wedge, so that 

 any common labourer may replace the teeth 

 at a cost of a penny each, without taking the 

 barrel out of its bearings. It will cost con- 

 siderably less to keep in repair than any other 

 turnip-cutter yet made. Price, £4! 15s. — 

 Another, fitted with brass bearings, and made 

 stronger for increased power, will cut a very 

 large quantity with greater ease than any other 

 machine of the kind, as has been proved at the 

 trials of the Eoyal Agricultural and other 

 societies. This size is especially adapted for 



