wiiT>-owiifG MACHINES.] IMPLEMENTS AND MACHINERY [conclusion. 



epecific terms for describing its work, more 

 than are easy to understand." It then goes 

 on to say — "Messrs. Hornsby and Son are, 

 above all others, the most successful in these 

 machines, dressing more than double as much 

 corn as any otlier in a rough state ; it is also 

 excellent for finishing the corn for market ; 

 we, therefore, awarded it a medal." Price, 

 £13 10s. This machine received a prize at 

 Carlisle. The report then adds—" Mr. Gooch 

 oxhibited a machine which did its work well." — 

 Messrs. Garrett have several corn-dressing 

 machines, which were highly commended at 

 Carlisle, the price varying from £7 IO5. to £12. 

 Extra sieves may also be obtained for beans, 

 peas, &c. — Messrs. Dray have a patent grain 

 and seed-separater, invented by G. Salmon, of 

 Illinois. ^The judges at Carlisle said of this 

 — " AVe consider it likely to throw a new light 

 on dressing machines. Its performance in the 

 hands of its inventors was wonderful ; but it 

 must be seen to be appreciated. We awarded 

 it a medal." — Messrs. Coleman have corn- 

 dressing machines ; prices varying from £7 10s. 

 to £8 10s.: and Messrs. Caborn have also a 

 machine — the price being £14. — Mr. Sawney's 

 winnowing machine is priced at £8 IO5. — Mr. 

 Campain has a very complete machine, price 

 £25. This includes a patent elevator, which 

 raises the dressed corn by a revolving baud, 

 to which are attached tin troughs. These 

 receive the corn as it is dressed, and, raising 

 it, deliver it into a sack placed to receive it. 

 A very considerable saving of time is tlius 

 effected. — Mr. Hunt's engine for drawing 

 clover and trefoil seed was considered worthy 

 of especial mention at Carlisle, and had a silver 

 medal awarded to it. This machine separates 

 the husk from the seed, at the rate of from 

 two to three bushels of clover per hour, and 

 from four to six of trefoil seed. It is mounted 

 on a pair of wood or iron travelling wheels, 

 and a pair of draughts are attached, so as to 

 render it portable. The net price for steam- 

 power is £25 ; for horse-power, £27 ; and 

 the travelling wheels, with draughts of irou 

 or wood, from four to five guineas extra. 

 Numerous testimonials of merit have been 

 given for its efiiciency and superiority. 



In closing tlio account of these valuable im- 

 plements, we cannot do better than give the 

 sentiments of tlie Jurors of the Exhibition ot 

 921 



1851, which are just as a[)[ilicable now, as 

 they were then : — "Adopting the standard of 

 economy as the test of their merit, we find 

 that if a ploughing be valued at Ss., they can 

 save 7s. an acre yearly over the whole of an 

 arable farm ; and we may adopt this calculation 

 in their favour more confidently, because, by 

 other means, an equal saving of horse-work 

 can be made at other seasons in other descrip- 

 tions of work. Some exceptions to this 

 general use of cultivators will occur, of course, 

 to every farmer; but the substitution of them 

 for the plough has long been known to many 

 good farmers, though probably it has not, as 

 yet, been carried out upon system by any one 

 of them to its fullest extent." 



CONCLUSION. 



AVhatever strides have lately been made in 

 the science of chemistry and the improvement 

 of mechanics, as applied to agricultural opera- 

 tions, there is yet another subject which, under 

 the name of Meteorology, ought to claim the 

 serious attention of those who are occupied in 

 the cultivation of the soil. As in other 

 matters connected with agriculture, the first 

 step in improvement, or the first advance in 

 the acquisition of any views of practical im- 

 portance, has been made in Scotland ; so, on 

 this point, the men of the north have, for some 

 time, busily interested themselves in establish- 

 ing a system of observations of what may be 

 generally termed m.eteorological occurrences, 

 which cannot fail to be of great value in 

 guiding the agriculturist in his course. It 

 must be evident, that to be of any practical 

 use, such observations cannot be confined to 

 one spot, but must be carried out over a large 

 extent of country. Every one in his own 

 neighbourhood, with but little trouble, can 

 add to the general stock of knowledge, and 

 thus the book of nature will be gradually un- 

 folded. A great fact will then be made ap- 

 parent to the comprehension of the farmer; 

 namely, that he must not look to the result 

 of a favourable or an unfavourable season — to 

 the chances of war or famine — to the supplies 

 that may come from other countries, to bid 

 him down as it were in his own ; — but that he 

 must extend and enlarge his views ; and he 

 will then find that, if he grounds his calcula- 

 tions upon reasonable expectations, the laws 



