4 CONTENTS 



PAGE 



CHAPTER VII. INFECTION (continued). PRODUCTION OF DISEASE 107 



Toxins, 108 Extracellular bacterial toxins, 109 General properties of 

 soluble toxins, 109 Structure of soluble toxins, 110 .Nature of soluble toxins, 

 110 Selective action^of soluble toxins, 111. Special Properties of the Principal 

 Soluble Toxins, 112 Diphtheria toxin, 112 The guinea-pig test for virulence 

 of diphtheria bacilli, 113 Tetanus toxin, 115y-Botulism toxin, 116 Dysentery 

 toxin, 116 Staphylotoxin, 117 Streptotoxin, 117. Toxins of the Higher 

 Plants and Animals, 118 Phytotoxins, 118 Pollen toxin, 119 Zootoxins, 119 

 Snake venom, 119. Endotoxins, 120- Methods of studying endotoxins, 121 

 Nature of endotoxins, 121 Aggressins, 122 Bail's classification of bacteria, 

 124 Nature of aggressins, 124 Anti-aggressins, 126. Bacterial Proteins, 126 

 Bacterial split protein, 126 Nature of bacterial proteins, 127 Action of bacter- 

 ial proteins, 127 Theory of Vaughan, 128. Ptomains, 129. Mechanical 

 Action of Bacteria, 131 Infection with Animal Parasites, 132 The Course of 

 Infection, 134 Stages of infection, 134 Grades of infection, 136 Systemic 

 reaction to infection, 137. 



PART III 



PRINCIPLES OF IMMUNITY AND SPECIAL IMMUNOLOGIC TECHNIC 



CHAPTER VIII. IMMUNITY. THEORIES OF IMMUNITY 138 



Definition, 140 ^-Historic, 140 Exhaustion theory of immunity, 141 

 Retention theory of immunity, 144 ^Theory of phagocytosis, 144 Side-chain 

 theory of immunity, 146 Compatibility of the phagocytic and side-chain 

 theories, 155 Antigens, 159 Antibodies, 161. , 



CHAPTER IX. VARIOUS TYPES OF IMMUNITY 165 



Natural Immunity, 165 Explanation of natural immunity, 166 Non- 

 specific immunity, 166 Local immunity, 167 Phagocytosis and natural im- 

 munity, 168 Natural antitoxic immunity, 169 Natural bacteriolytic immun- 

 ity, 169 Natural anti-aggressin immunity, 169 Athreptic immunity, 170. 

 Acquired Immunity, 170 Active acquired immunity, 170 Passive acquired im- 

 munity, 172. 



CHAPTER X. PHAGOCYTOSIS 175 



Historic, 175 The original theory of phagocytosis, 176 Kinds of phagocy- 

 tosis, 177 The relation of the cell types to infection, 178 Chemotaxis, 179^ 

 Positive chemotaxis, 179 Negative chemotaxis, 182 Results of phagocytosis, 

 182 The relation of body fluids to phagocytosis, 184 Revised theory of pha- 

 gocytosis, 186. 



CHAPTER XI. OPSONINS 187 



Historic, 187 Definition, 188 Properties and nature of opsonins, 188 

 Susceptibility to opsonification, 189 Effect of opsonins on bacteria, 189 Role 

 of opsonins in immunity, 190. 



CHAPTER XII. OPSONIC INDEX 191 



Principles involved, 191 Definition, 191 Purpose of the opsonic index, 

 192 Limitations of the method, 192 Precautions in technic, 193 Technic of 

 the opsonic index (Wright), 193 Technic of quantitative estimation of bacterio- 

 tropins in immune serum (Neufeld), 200 Practical value of the opsonic index, 

 203 Value of the index in diagnosis, 204 In prognosis, 204 As a guide to 

 bacterial vaccine therapy, 205. 



CHAPTER XIII. BACTERIAL VACCINES 206 



Definition, 206 Technic of preparing bacterial vaccines, 206 Counting 

 a bacterial vaccine (method of Wright), 210 Counting with the hemocytometer 

 chamber, 211 Method of Kolle, 212 Method of Hopkins, 212 Preparation of 

 "sensitized" bacterial vaccine, 216 The administration of a bacterial vaccine,- 

 217 Making the inoculation, 217 Effects of inoculation, 218 Frequency and 

 dosage of inoculation, 218 Ordinary adult doses of the common vaccines, 218. 



