CONTENTS 5 



PAGE 



CHAPTER XIV. ANTITOXINS 220 



Definition, 220 Historic, 220 Formation of antitoxins, 221 Structure of 

 antitoxins, 223 Properties of antitoxins, 223 Natural antitoxins, 224 Speci- 

 ficity of antitoxins, 224 Nature of the toxin-antitoxin reaction, 224. Produc- 

 tion of Diphtheria Antitoxin, 227 Production of diphtheria toxin, 277 Testing 

 the toxin, 228 Immunizing the animals, 228 Collecting the serum, 230 Stan- K 

 dardizing the serum, 231. Production of Tetanus Antitoxin, 234 Tetanus 

 toxin, 234 Immunizing the animals, 234 Collecting the serum, 234 Standard- 

 izing the serum, 234. Botulinus Antitoxin, 236. Antidysentery Serum, 236 

 The culture, 236^Immunizing the animals, 237 Collecting and testing the 

 serum, 238. Antistaphylococcus Serum, 238 Preparation, 239 Technic of 

 the anti-lysin test, 239. Production of Antivenin, 241. Production of Pollen 

 Antitoxin, 242. The Measure of Antitoxins, 242 A unit, 242 Unit of diph- 

 theria antitoxin, 242 Unit of tetanus antitoxin, 242. 



CHAPTER XV. FERMENTS AND ANTI-FERMENTS 244 



Bacterial ferments, 244 Similarity between toxins and ferments, 244 Anti- 

 ferments, 246 Antibodies and antif erments, 247 Antif erments in disease, 247 

 Ferments in pregnancy and disease, 248. Ferment Reactions, 250 Antitrypsin 

 test, 250 Abderhalden's serodiagnosis of pregnancy, 252 Practical value of 

 Abderhalden's test, 263 Sere-enzymes in cancer, 264- In mental diseases, 265 

 In syphilis, 265 In tuberculosis and acute infection, 265. 



CHAPTER XVI. AGGLUTININS 266 



Definition, 266 Historic, 266 Normal and immune agglutinins, 268 

 Formation of agglutinins, 268 Origin of agglutinins, 269 Properties and 

 nature of agglutinins, 270 Mechanism of agglutination, 270 Specificity of 

 agglutinins, 271 Absorption methods for differentiating between a mixed and 

 single infection, 272 Hemagglutinins, 272 Non-agglutinable races of bacteria, 

 274- Variation in agglutinating strength of a serum, 274 R61e of agglutinins in 

 immunity, 274. Practical Applications, 275 In the diagnosis of typhoid fever, 

 275 Paratyphoid fever, 275 Dysentery, 276^Cholera, 277 Cerebrospinal 

 meningitis, 277 Plague, 277 Malta fever, 277 Glanders, 277 In the differen- 

 tiation of bacteria, 277 In the diagnosis of single and mixed infection, 278. 

 The Agglutination Reaction, 278 Microscopic method with serum, 282 Micro- 

 scopic method with dried blood, 283 Macroscopic method, 284 The sat- 

 uration test of Castellani, 288. Tests before Blood Transfusion for Isohem- 

 agglutinins and Isohemolysins, 290. 



CHAPTER XVII. PRECIPITINS : 292 



Definition, 292 Historic, 292 Nomenclature, 294 Structure and propor- 

 tion of precipitins, 294 Formation of precipitins, 294 Mechanism of precipita- 

 tion, 296 Specificity of precipitins, 296 Role of precipitins in immunity, 297. 

 Practical Applications, 298 Bacterial precipitins, 298 Fornet ring test, 299 

 Porges-Meier reaction, 299 Herman-Perutz reaction, 299 Noguchi globulin re- 

 action, 300 Differentiation of proteins, 301. Technic of the Precipitin Reac- 

 tions, 303 Differentiation of human and animal bloods, 303 Detection of meat 

 adulteration, 310 Bacterial precipitins-, 313 Precipitin test in cancer, 314. 



CHAPTER XVIII. CYTOLYSINS. AMBOCEPTORS AND COMPLEMENTS 316 



Definition, 317 Kinds of cytolysins, 318 Nomenclature, 318. Ambpcep- 

 tors, 319 Historic. 319 Structure of amboceptors, 320 General properties of 

 amboceptors, 321 Mechanism of the action of amboceptors, 321 Formation 

 of amboceptors, 322 Quantitative estimation of amboceptors, 325 Titration 

 of hemolytic amboceptor, 325 Titration of bacteriolytic amboceptor, 325. 

 Complements, 326 Historic, 326 Definition, 326 Structure and general 

 properties of complement, 326 Anticomplements, 327 Origin of complements, 

 ,328 Multiplicity of complements, 328 Endocomplements, 330 Complement- 

 splitting, 331 Complement fixation, 332 Complement deviation, 333 Quan- 

 titative titration of complement, 334. 



CHAPTER XIX. BACTERIOLYSINS 336 



Historic, 336 Definition, 337 Origin of bacteriolysins, 338 Leukins and 

 leukocytic extracts, 338 Method of preparing leukocy tic extracts, 339 Mechan- 

 ism of bacteriolysis, 340 General properties of bacteriolysins, 341 Normal bac- 



