4 CONTENTS 



PAGE 



CHAPTER VII. INFECTION (continued). PRODUCTION OF DISEASE 108 



Toxins, 109 Extracellular bacterial toxins, 110 General properties of 

 soluble toxins, 110 Precipitation of the extracellular toxins, 111 Struc- 

 ture of soluble toxins, 111 Nature of soluble toxins, 112 Selective action 

 of soluble toxins, 112. Special Properties of the Principal Soluble Toxins, 

 113 Diphtheria toxin, 113 The guinea-pig test for virulence of diphtheria 

 bacilli, 114 Tetanus toxin, 117 Botulism toxin, 117 Dysentery toxin, 118 

 Staphylotoxin, 118 Streptotoxin, 119. Toxins of the Higher Plants and 

 Animals, 119 Phytotoxins, 119 Pollen toxin, 120 Zootoxins, 121 Snake 

 venom, 121. Endotoxins, 122 Methods of studying endotoxins, 122 

 Nature of endotoxins, 123 Aggressins, 124 Bail's classification of bacteria, 

 125 Nature of aggressins, 126 Anti-aggressins, 127 .Bacterial Proteins, 127 

 Bacterial split protein, 128 Nature of bacterial proteins, 128 Action of bac- 

 terial proteins, 129 Theory of Vaughan, 130. Ptomains, 131. Mechanical 

 Action of Bacteria, 133 Infection with Animal Parasites, 134 The Course of 

 Infection, 136 Stages of infection, 136 Grades of Infection, 138 Systemic 

 reaction to infection, 139. 



PART III 



PRINCIPLES OF IMMUNITY AND SPECIAL IMMUNOLOGIC 



TECHNIC 



CHAPTER VIII. IMMUNITY. THEORIES OF IMMUNITY 140' 



Definition, 142 Historic, 142 Exhaustion theory of immunity, 143 

 Retention theory of immunity, 146 Theory of phagocytosis, 146 Side-chain 

 theory of immunity, 148 Compatibility of the phagocytic and side-chain 

 theories, 157 Antigens, 161 Antibodies, 163. 



CHAPTER IX. VARIOUS TYPES OF IMMUNITY 167 



Natural Immunity, 167 Explanation of natural immunity, 168 Non- 

 specific immunity, 168 Local immunity, 169 Phagocytosis and natural im- 

 munity, 170 Natural antitoxic immunity, 171 Natural bacteriolytic immun- 

 ity, 171 Natural anti-aggressin immunity, 171 Athreptic immunity, 172. 

 Acquired Immunity, 172 Active acquired immunity, 172 Passive acquired im- 

 munity, 174. 



CHAPTER X. PHAGOCYTOSIS 177 



Historic, 177 The original theory of phagocytosis, 178 Kinds of phagocy- 

 tosis, 179 The relation of the cell types to infection, 180 Chemotaxis, 181 

 Positive chemotaxis, 181 Negative chemotaxis, 184 Results of phagocytosis, 

 184 The relation of body fluids to phagocytosis, 186 Revised theory and role 

 of phagocytosis in immunity, 188 Mechanism of phagocytosis, 189. 



CHAPTER XI. OPSONINS 190 



Historic, 190 Definition, 191 Properties and nature of opsonins, 191 

 Susceptibility to opsonification, 192 Effect of opsonins on bacteria, 192 Role 

 of opsonins in immunity, 193. 



CHAPTER XII. OPSONIC INDEX 194 



Principles involved, 194 Definition, 194 Purpose of the opsonic index, 

 195 Limitations of the method, 195 Precautions in technic, 196 Technic of 

 the opsonic index (Wright), 196 Technic of quantitative estimation of bacterio- 

 tropins in immune serum (Neufeld), 203 Practical value of the opsonic index, 

 206 Value of the index in diagnosis, 207 In prognosis, 208 As a guide to 

 bacterial vaccine therapy, 208. 



CHAPTER XIII. BACTERIAL VACCINES 210 



Definition, 210 Technic of preparing bacterial vaccines, 210 Counting 

 a bacterial vaccine (method of Wright), 214 Counting with the hemocytometer 

 chamber, 215 Method of Kolle, 216 Method of Hopkins, 216 Preparation of 

 "sensitized" bacterial vaccine, 221 The administration of a bacterial vaccine, 

 221 Making the inoculation, 221 Effects of inoculation, 222 Frequency and 

 dosage of inoculation, 222 Ordinary adult doses of the common vaccines, 222. 



