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for raising layers, are called stools. A single 

 quince-bush, thus made into a stool, and its 

 twigs layered, is capable of producing many 

 finely rooted plants in a single season. Of 

 some kinds of layers, nearly every bud will 

 form roots of its own. A tree or shrub origi- 

 nated from a layer, has a tendency to a dwarf- 

 ish habit, and to inherit the diseases by which 

 its parent-plant may be affected. 





