33 



1st. To alter the head of a tree bearing one 

 kind of fruitj so that it shall bear another fruit 

 possessing more desirable qualities. 



2d. To improve the form of a tree, by insert- 

 ing scions or buds into the sides of the trunk 

 or limbs. 



3d. To invigorate a feebly growing variety, 

 by grafting it upon a vigorous stock. 



4th. To accumulate a number of varieties 

 upon a single tree. 



5th. To accelerate the fruiting of a young 

 seedling tree, by setting grafts, or, more es- 

 pecially, fruit-spurs or fruit-buds from it, upon 

 a grown tree. 



6th. To propagate a tree in soils unfavora- 

 ble to its own roots ; as, for example, the 

 Peach upon the Plum, in cold clayey soils. 



7th. To save a variety from being lost, as 

 when accident has destroyed the original tree. 



8th. To transmit a variety through chan- 

 nels in which it would be impossible to send 

 a whole tree, as to forward a scion or a bud 

 enclosed in a letter. 



9th. To produce dwarf-trees. For this, the 

 Apple is grafted upon Paradise (or Doucin) 

 stocks, the Pear upon the Quince, Thorn or 

 Mountain Ash ; the Peach upon the Plum, 



