SECTION III. 



INSECTS, DISEASES, &C. 

 It 



The insect-enemies of the apple are chiefly 

 the Caterpillar, the Canker worm, the Borer, 

 and the Appleworm. 



1. The Caterpillar. Several species of this 

 insect prey upon the apple leaf; but the com- 

 mon caterpillar which is hatched and comes 

 out just as the leaves begin to expand, is the 

 pest of the orchard, unless it is promptly des- 

 troyed. 



The character and habits of this insect are 

 too well known to require a description here. 



By far the most effectual way of destroying 

 them, is to pi-ek off their eggs any time from 

 autumn till the last of April. These will be 

 found on the outer parts of the tree, just at the 

 base of the young wood of the previous sum- 

 mer's growth. They may be taken off with 

 the ringers, or cut off with a pruning knife or 

 the pole-shears, which we have described un- 

 der the head of Implements. (See page 116.) 



