ARTHROPODA 



out its presence it is impossible to produce a first-class fig 

 at a reasonable price. Only since the year 1900 has the 

 secret of growing high-grade figs been utilized in this coun- 

 try. The Smyrna fig cultivated hi California bears only 



a b d 



FIG. 47. Figs, a, and d t unfertilized ; 6 and c, fertilized. After Howard. 



female flowers within the hollow globular receptacle form- 

 ing the flesh of the fig. The fig will lack the desired flavor, 



sweetness, and size un- 



less it is fertilized, i.e., 

 unless pollen from male 

 fig flowers is carried 

 through the minute 

 orifice at the point op- 

 posite the stem and 

 distributed over the fe- 

 male flowers, causing 

 them to produce seeds. 

 The wild figs have both 

 lands of flowers, and 

 when these are planted 

 near the Smyrna fig 



trees the fig insects emerging from the galls surrounded by 

 male flowers carry with them some pollen on the wings 



FlG. 48. Photograph of the cut surface 

 of a wild fig showing over twenty galls : 

 a, place where the insect enters the 

 young fig to lay eggs. 



