188 PRIMITIVE TYPES OF INTELLIGENCE 
The results of his experiment are summed up in the following 
table: 
No. removed Distance in inches Number returned 
In 2 tides In 4 tides Later 
25 6 21 
21 12 13 5 ie 
21 18 10 6 2 
36 24 1 1 3 
While the majority found their way back when removed but 
a few inches, only one returned from a distance of two feet. 
The return of the limpets was watched in many cases and 
found to be “fairly, but not quite direct.” When the 
limpets reach their scar “they twist and turn about so as to 
fit down in the normal position, which is constant. When 
they come up the wrong way round they rotate pretty 
rapidly through the 180 degrees to get into position.” 
According to Bohn, Patellas when they have remained for 
some time in a certain position, whether horizontal, vertical 
or oblique, orient themselves in a similar position after they 
have been removed from their original habitat. Even if 
they are allowed to remain on their particular scars and the 
rock to which they adhere is turned in another position they 
become uneasy and crawl around until they find a niche in 
which they may lie in their previous orientation. 
It is among the active and highly organized cephalopods 
with their large and complex nervous centers and highly 
developed organs of vision that we naturally expect to find 
the highest degree of psychic development. Unfortunately 
we have very few observations on this head. Schneider 
relates that a young octopus which be observed in the 
Naples aquarium made an attack on a hermit crab living 
within a shell upon which were several anemones. In 
approaching the crab the octopus was stung by the net- 
tling cells of the anemones and quickly withdrew. There- 
