ANIMAL FEEDING. 45 



three important constituents to be considered in the feed- 

 ing of animals. 



Foods usually contain an amount of ash sufficient to 

 supply all the mineral needs of the body, with the excep- 

 tion of sodium and chlorine. Both of these are supplied 

 in salt. 



What they do: 1. Protein (the muscle maker) 

 enters into the formation of the organs of the body, mus- 

 cle, bone, skin, blood, milk, etc. 



2. Carbohydrates (heat and fat producers) are used 

 in the production of heat, fat, and energy. 



3. Fat (heat and fat producer) also is used in the 

 production of fat, heat, and energy. 



Heat value. Careful calculation has shown that one 

 pound of fat will produce 2.4 times as much heat as one 

 pound of carbohydrates. 



91. How many pounds of carbohydrates equal one 

 pound of fat ? 



92. Corn contains 4.3 per cent digestible fat. In a 

 ton of corn the fat content is equivalent to how many 

 pounds of carbohydrates? 



93. The heat value of carbohydrates and fat in a ton 

 of cottonseed meal is 923.6 pounds. The amount of car- 

 bohydrates in 100 pounds cottonseed meal is 16.9 per cent. 

 How many pounds of fat in a ton of cottonseed meal ? 



Nutritive ratio. Food may be said to do two things : 

 (1) It furnishes the protein for growth, daily waste, 

 blood, etc. ; (2) it furnishes the materials for fat, heat, 

 and energy. 



The ratio between digestible protein and digestible heat 

 and fat-producing elements (carbohydrates and fat re- 



