A MANUAL OF FORESTRY 



a range of temperature of from 50 degrees F. to + 105 degrees 

 I-'.. 1 and thrives in sections where there are frosts every month 

 of the year. It is usually found on soils where there is consider- 

 able sand and gravel, and for such soils, entirely lacking in clay 

 or loam, is undoubtedly preferable to white pine for planting. 



The \or\vay pine has a well-developed tap-root when young, 

 and develops strong laterals, so that it is usually very wind-firm. 

 For this reason it may be planted not only where the soil is thin 

 but on exposed sites. It is somewhat more exacting as regards 

 direct sunlight than white pine. Seedlings require direct sun- 

 light and should not be planted in small openings of a forest or 

 under any trees. It has been found, however, that Norway pine 

 seedlings will stand sun exposure and weeds much better than 

 will those of white pine. 



Norway pine produces seed only once in 3 to 5 years. The 

 cones are small and usually not plentiful, so that the seed is 

 comparatively expensive. The young seedlings are particularly 

 susceptible to damage by damping-off, and for these reasons 

 nursery stock is usually more expensive than that of white or 

 Scotch pine. Trees begin to produce seed at the age of about 

 25 years. Where the soil has been cleared of leaf litter good 

 reproduction of this species is often secured 300 yards distant 

 from seed trees, but the seed seldom germinates on a leaf litter. 



After the seedling stage the Norway pine is remarkably free 

 from enemies. On account of its thicker bark, it resists fire 

 better than white pine, although young trees are, of course, killed 

 by a hot fire. It is seldom attacked by the pine weevil and 

 misshapen trees are very rare. It is also safe from the white 

 pine blister-rust disease, and for this reason is recommended for 

 planting in proximity to white pine suspected of being thus 

 diseased. 



\Yhile the wood of the Norway is somewhat redder in color, 

 heavier and more resinous, it is sufficiently light, soft and straight 

 grained to secure practically the same prices as white pine 



1 Woolsey ami Chapman, Norway Pine in the Lake States, U. S. Dept. Agr. 

 Bulletin 139 (1914). 



