CONTENTS xi 



' PAGE 



CHAPTER VIII. FOREST FIRES 136 



Kinds of Fires and Damage Done 136 



Causes of Fires 141 



Fire Prevention 143 



Fire Lines 147 



Roads and Trails 151 



Extinguishing Fires 151 



Estimating the Damage done by Forest Fires 157 



CHAPTER IX. TIMBER ESTIMATING AND MARKETING 161 



Estimating Timber on Small Wood Lots 162 



Estimating Timber on Large Wood Lots 166 



Estimating Timber on Large Forest Tracts 166 



The Money Value of Standing Timber 1 70 



CHAPTER X. UTILIZATION OF FOREST PRODUCTS 175 



Lumber Grades 175 



Log Grades 176 



Veneer 177 



Planing Mill Products 178 



Sounding Boards and Clapboards 178 



Chairs and Furniture 179 



Boxes and Crates 179 



Shuttles, Spools and Bobbins 179 



Handles 179 



Vehicles and Vehicle Parts 180 



Bolts and Billets 180 



Cooperage Stock 181 



Railroad Ties 181 



Poles and Posts 181 



Piling 182 



Excelsior 182 



Wood for Distillation 182 



Pulpwood 183 



Firewood 184 



Tanning Bark , 185 



Maple Sugar and Syrup 186 



Prices 186 



CHAPTER XI. GROWTH OF TREES AND FORESTS 188 



Growth of Trees 188 



Age of Trees 189 



Diameter Growth 191 



Height Growth 192 



Volume Growth 193 



Growth of Stands 195 



