kEAiEbife^ 



The most satisfactory way of preventing the attacks of 

 the Horn Fly is to apply to the cattle some substance that 

 serves as a repellant. We have experimented with a number 

 of materials, and find that the best results are obtained by the 

 use of a cheap oil — such as fish oil or crude cotton seed oil — to 

 which a small amount of carbolic acid or pine tar has been 

 added. Applied rather lightly to the cattle by means of a wide 

 paint brush, a sponge, or even a woolen cloth, such a combina- 

 tion immediately drives off the flies and remains on in condition 

 to keep them oft' for about five days. This is a very simple and 

 eft'ective remedy ; it should be applied whenever the flies become 

 trou])lesonie, unless the emulsion described below is used. 



Either of the following formulas are recommended for this 



purpose : 



I. 



Crude Cotton Seetl Oil, or Fish Oil 3 parts. 



Pine Tar 1 part. 



II. 



Crude Cotton Seed Oil, or Fish Oil 100 parts. 



Crude Carbolic Acid 3 parts. 



In either case these substances are to be mixed and applied 

 as described above. 



We also experimented with a combination of kerosene emul- 

 sion and tobacco decoction. The emulsion was prepared by 

 adding two gallons of kerosene to one gallon of a solution made 

 by dissolving one-half pound of hard soap in one gallon of 

 boiling water, and churning the mixture by forcing it back into 

 the same vessel through a force-pump with a rather small 

 nozzle until the whole formed a creamy mass, which will thicken 

 into a jellj'-like substance on cooling. The soap solution 

 should be hot when the kerosene is added, but of course must 

 not be near a fire. The emulsion thus made was diluted before 

 using with nine parts of water to one part of emulsion. There 

 was then added one gallon of a decoction made by boiling one 

 pound of strong tobacco in a gallon of water. This was 

 sprayed upon the cattle by means of a force-pump and a 

 spray nozzle. Wherever the liquid came in contact with the 

 flies it killed them instantly, and it remained on in condition to 



