10 N. H. Agr. Experiment Station [Bulletin 304 



was increased from 10 to 12 per cent, of live weight, and grain feeding 

 was limited to four pounds daily instead of five. It was observed in 

 the previous trial that the animals laid on considerable fat towards the 

 end of the six-month period. Since grain must be purchased on most 

 New Hampshire farms, a saving in the amount fed without hampering 

 growth is of economic importance. 



All grain and milk fed was weighed daily. Hay was weighed occa- 

 sionally, but it was impossible to determine individual consumption 

 since the entire group ate from a common supply. 



The calves showed at first an average weight of 73.5 pounds (101 per 

 cent, of normal) , and at the end of 150 days 321.2 pounds (118 per cent. 

 of normal). The average daily gain was 1.65 pounds at a cost of 8.7 

 cents per pound gain. {Bankhead-Jones Offset Fund) 



Winter Injury of Apple Trees 



The widespread winter injury to apple trees from the extremely low 

 temperatures in December, 1933, and again in February, 1934, has pro- 

 vided an unusual opportunity for the further study of its nature, 

 causes, and prevention. One factor considered of possible significance 

 is the fall application of nitrogenous fertilizers. 



Sixty-three small Baldwin trees, having trunk diameters ranging 

 from 11/4 to 2 inches and situated in the 1926 block of the University of 

 New Hampshire orchard, were divided into seven blocks of 9 trees each 

 on the basis of similarity in size, vigor, and situation. The trees in each 

 block received one of the following treatments : 



(1) 1 lb. of cyanamid Sept. 2. 



(2) 1 lb. of cyanamid Sept. 22. 



(3) 1 lb. of cyanamid Oct. 14. 



(4) 1 lb. of cyanamid Nov. 5. 



(5) 11/4 lb. of sulphate of ammonia Sept. 2. 



(6) 11/4 lb. of sulphate of ammonia Sept. 22. 



(7) 11/4 lb. of sulphate of ammonia Oct. 14. 



(8) 11/4 lb. of sulphate of ammonia Nov. 5. 



(9) Control not fertilized. 



Of the seven trees treated with sulphate of ammonia Oct. 14, two died 

 following symptoms similar to those described by Rawlings and Potter, 

 two more show the same type of trunk injury but are still alive ; one 

 showed some loosening of the bark, and the other two were uninjured. 



Six of the seven trees fertilized with one pound of cyanamid on the 

 same date were uninjured. The seventh showed typical injury to the 

 trunk, the foliage turned yellow in June, and the tree died later in the 

 season. One tree fertilized with sulphate of ammonia Nov. 5, showed a 

 small area of typical trunk injury. All of the control trees and those 

 fertilized with cyanamid or sulphate of ammonia on other dates showed 

 no injury during 1937 which was not present when the experiment be- 

 gan in the fall of 1936. 



In late November of 1936 an orchard was found in Cheshire County 

 in which some four or five rows of trees had been fall fertilized in 1935. 

 Rows in the center of the orchard which had had a heavy crop in 1935 de- 

 veloped injury similar to that observed in other fall fertilized orchards. 



