8 N. H. Experiment Station [Bulletin 325 



liauling: would be more efficient lliaii self-hauling or exchange hauling — 

 and tliat truck i-ates be adjusted on the basis of efficiency. ^ It is prob- 

 al)l<'. however, that even shouhl connnercial truck routes offer rates at 

 lower levels than all costs of self-haulers, there would be a disinclina- 

 tion to change the method of shipment by many producers. The reason 

 for this is that the out-of-pocket costs of self-haulers are relatively small, 

 particularly if the time of the person concerned has no valuation placed 

 upon it. Frequently, too, there may be other business reasons for com- 

 ing to town, and if not, many people experience a certain pleasure in 

 making the trip which may outweigh any savings made by sending milk 

 on a commercial route. 



The third step in reorganization would involve a shifting of some pro- 

 ducers between markets, and necessarily, therefore, between dealers. In 

 order to make such a shift, quality of milk (including necessary .sani- 

 tary precautions) nuist not differ too greatly between the markets con- 

 cerned. A survey several years back indicates that in the markets con- 

 sidered in this study, while different agencies necessarily were respon- 

 sible for inspection for the various markets, quality standards did not 

 differ greatly, and no very radical or expensive changes would accom- 

 pany the shift of a producer from one market to another.- As far as 

 such factors as butter-fat content, regularity of production, etc., are con- 

 cerned there is much more variation among individuals in a jnirticular 

 market than there is between the averages of the markets considered.^ 



The First Stage of Reorganization 



S outlined above, the first step which has been taken in this attempt 

 at reorganization of truck routes involves the maintenance of pres- 

 ent markets and producers already on truck routes, and involves only 

 the relocation and consolitlation of routes in such a way as to approach 

 the most efficient set-up possible in this situation. Producers now ship- 

 ping milk to dealers in the south-central part of the state are included. 

 This part of the state includes the four cities. Manchester, Nashua. Con- 

 cord, and Laconia. which togelln'V contain more than one-fourth of the 

 popuhition of the state. 



Ill attempting to outline a more efficient system of milk collection 

 from farm to ih-alei-, several pi'incii)les have been kept constantly in 

 mind."' Under present operating conditions, there is frequently uiuised 

 truck capacity even at the peak production period of the year. This in 

 hi 111 results in man-power and e(|uipment not used to tlicir effective 

 capacity. As long as uinised capacity exists, tliei-e is no reason for two 

 or moi-e trucks to travel along the same roads, each collecting oidy a i)ai't 

 of the milk sold. 



' See MacLooiI. et al., opus cit. iip 17-20. 



= Spc- Bresslcr. R. G., Jr.. "Laws anil Regulations Govfrninn the Production of Grade B Milk 

 in New England." New Enjrland Research Council, l'JH8. 



M.-icLeod. Alan, "Sanitiiry Laws and KeKulations Governing the Production and Distribution 

 of Dairy I'roducUs for Consumption Within New Hampshire." Wew Hampshire Agricultural 

 Experiment Station, 19.S7. 



•' Parker, L. A., "A Description and Economic Analysis of Milk Supplies for Connecticut 

 Markets." Master's Thesis. Connecticut State Collene, 1938. 



' See Hammerberir. D. O. and Hrcssler. R. G., Jr., "Research Problem-s Involved in the Country 

 PhaBefl of Milk Marketing"— Typewritten report in fil«?8 of New EnKJand Research Council. 1939. 



