ANIMAL INTELLIGENCE. 



43 



the time (in minutes and seconds) the animal was in the box 

 before escaping or before being taken out if he failed to escape. 

 Cases of failure are designated by an F after the figures. 

 Double lines represent an interval of t-vventy-four hours. 



It should be noted that, although cats 3 and 4 had had some 

 experience in getting out of boxes by clawing at loops and turn- 

 ing buttons, they had never had anything at all like a thumb- 

 latch to claw at, nor had they ever seen the door opened by its 

 use, nor did they even have any experience of the fact that the 

 part of the box where the thumb-piece was was the door. And 

 we may insert here, what will be stated more fully later, that 

 there was displayed no observation of the surroundings or de- 

 liberation upon them. It was just a mad scramble to get out. 



Three dogs (i, 2 and 3) were given a chance to liberate 

 themselves from this same box. 2 and 3, who were rather in- 

 active, failed to even push the thumb-piece down. No. i, who 

 was very active, did push it down at the same time that she hap- 



