A NIMA L INTEL LICENCE. 



Total time surely and possibly seen, 



41 



330' 



330 



20 



.20 



.18 



.08 



Before entering upon a discussion of the fact.s shown by 

 these tables, we must describe the behavior of the imitators, when, 

 after seeing 2 pull the string, they were put in alone. In the 

 opinion of the present observer there was not the slightest dif- 

 ference between their behavior and that of cats 4, 10, 11, 12 

 and 13, who were put into the same position without ever having 

 seen 2 escape from it. 6, 7, 5 and 3 paid no more attention to 

 the string than they did, but struggled in just the same way. 

 No one, I am sure, who had seen them, would have claimed 

 that their conduct was at all influenced by w4iat they had seen. 

 When they did hit the string the act looked just like the acci- 

 dental success of the ordinary association experiment. But, be- 

 sides these personal observations, we have in the impersonal 

 time-records sufficient proofs of the absence of imitation. If the 

 animals pulled the string from having seen 2 do so, they ought to 

 pull it in each individual case at an approximately regular length 

 of time after they were put in, and presumably pretty soon there- 

 after. That is, if an association between the sight of that string in 

 that total situation and a certain impulse and consequent freedom 

 and food had been formed in their minds by the observation of 

 the acts of 2, they ought to pull it on seeing it, and if any dis- 

 turbing factor required that a certain time should elapse before 

 the imitative faculty got in working order, that time ought to be 

 somewhere near constant. The times were, as a fact, long and 

 irregular in the extreme. Furthermore, if the successful cases 

 were even in part due to imitation, the times ought to decrease 

 the more they saw 2 do the thing. Except with 3, they increase 

 or give place to failures. Whereas 6 and 7, if they had been 

 put in again immediately after their first successful trial and 



»No. 3 did not go out until 12 seconds had elapsed after it had pulled the 

 string. 



