YOUNG HORSES. 357 



kick. When he has been driven long enough to make 

 him steady, he should be taken up in his bearing rein, 

 and put down lower on his bit, and driven in a wide 

 circle, or figure of eight, keeping the inner horse well up 

 to his collar and bit. In his breaking he should be fre- 

 quently stopped, but not held after he is pulled up, as, if 

 he is high mettled, it will make him restless, and, if dull, 

 he will not require it. Great care should be taken at 

 starting to make the old horse begin first if the young one 

 is inclined to be hot, as it will prevent him plunging. If 

 he is heavy, and not ready to start when the command is 

 given, he should be whipped till he answers it. 



' Horses should have some notice given them to 

 move, as well as soldiers — a click, or a whistle, or any- 

 thing the driver pleases ; and I think it is a good plan to 

 use horses to stop by notice, as it may prevent accident ; 

 and I have found hallooing to a horse when he kicks 

 have great effect. When you have such a one to deal 

 with, he ought to be taken very short in his pole-piece, 

 and gagged ; and when he begins to kick he should be 

 whipped on the ears, which punishment, in my opinion, 

 should never be inflicted but for vice. It is a brutal 

 practice, which I wish all would deprecate. 



' When horses are put for the first time into coaches, 

 the same mode of giving them their heads ought to be 

 adopted. Throat lashing a young horse, either wheeler 

 or leader, shows great folly and want of judgment ; but I 

 shall not say anything to you on coaching, as you know 

 more of it than I do, but I will add this remark, which is, 

 that I have driven many horses that would go perfectly 



