RISE OF EVOLUTIONARY THOUGHT 437 



whole inferior to those that survived. In the two hours that 

 elapsed before my ague fit was over, I had thought out 

 almost the whole of the theory; and the same evening I 

 sketched the draught of my paper, and in the two succeeding 

 evenings wrote it out in full, and sent it by the next post to 

 Mr. Darwin." 



It thus appears that the announcement of the Darwin- 

 Wallace theory of natural selection was made in 1858, and 

 in the following year was published the book, the famous 

 Origin of Species, upon which Darwin had been working 

 when he received Mr. Wallace's essay. Darwin spoke of this 

 work as an outline, a sort of introduction to other works 

 that were in the course of preparation. His subsequent 

 works upon Animals and Plants under Domestication, The 

 Descent oj Man, etc., etc., expanded his theory, but none of 

 them effected so much stir in the intellectual world as the 

 Origin oj Species. 



This skeleton outline should be filled out by reading 

 Darwin's Life and Letters, by his son, and the complete 

 papers of Darwin and Wallace, as originally published in 

 the Journal oj the Linncean Society. The original papers 

 are reproduced in the Popular Science Monthly for Novem- 

 ber, 1 901. 



Wallace was born in 1823, and died Nov. 7, 1913. He 

 shares with Darwin the credit of propounding the theory of 

 natural selection, and he is notable also for the publication of 

 important books, as the Malay Archipelago, The Geographical 

 Distribution of Animals, The Wonderful Century, etc. 



The Spread of the Doctrine of Organic Evolution. Hux- 

 ley. — Darwin was of a quiet habit, not aggressive in the 

 defense of his views. His theory provoked so much oppo- 

 sition that it needed some defenders of the pugnacious type. 

 In England such a man was found in Thomas Henry Huxley 

 (1825-1895). He was one of the greatest popular exponents 



