CONTENTS. XV 



pagb 



2. Greek Archipclagf) — Deloa and Rliodes upheaved from the 



bottom of the sea — Successive additions to the Archi- 

 pelago of Santorin . 310 



3. The Azores — Appearance and disappearance of islands sub- 



sequent to earthquakes — Tl;e ephemeral island Sabrina . 315 



4. Submarine volcano in the middle of the Atlantic . .318 



5. Submarine eruptions near Kamtschatka — Iceland — Ignited 



sea ; appearance of an island near Keikiancss — Hise of a 

 fiery island from the ocean, near the Aleutian Isks . 310 



6. The bottom of the sea feels the counterblow of terrestrial 



volcanic phenomena ....... 322 



7 Products of submarine volcanoes — How they differ from 



the pro lucts of subatirial volcanoes .... 324 

 8. Bottom of the sea brought to light in consequence of the 



eruption of submarine volcanoes .... 328 



GRADUAL CHANGES OF THE BOTTOM OF THE SEA. 



1. How the gradual change of the sea-bottom can be demon- 



strated — Modifications which the map of Europe would 

 suffer by a gradual subsidence of thirty feet in a century — 

 Paris submerged — Europe as it would bo were the level 

 of the sea raised 500 feet — Toulouse and Vienna as sea- 

 ports 331 



2. Ancient limits of the Black Sea — Drying-upof the Russian 



steppes ......... h:;8 



3. Movements of t!ie eartli in the noithem himisphere — Sub- 



sidence in the north of Europe and of America — Elevation 



of the polar regions — Sinking of the coast of Sweden . o4() 



4. Elevation of S]jitzbergen — Sinking of the wchtein coast, 



and elevation of the eastern coast of Greenland — Gradual 

 submersion of the forests of Labrador and of Nova Scotia 

 — Roman cunstructions engulfed in the Low C<mntrit8 

 — Origin of the Zuyder Zee— Failure of the Dutch sea- 

 dams — Tile Valley of the Somme and the coast:s of Nor- 

 mandy follow the movement of subsidence of the Low 

 Countries 344 



5. Two extensive Z'ines of subsidence in the southern hemi- 



sphere — They are sejiarated l»y a zone of elevation — The 

 Fiji Islands have been sinking dnriig 300,000 years . 347 



