THE AZORES VOLCANIC. 315 



colder than the surface, If, therefore, rocks situated 

 at a grc^at depth are brought rapidly to the surface, 

 they will not liave time to acquire warmth in rising, 

 and will therefore cool the surrounding waters to a 

 certain distance. The lava and stones thrown out by 

 the volcano will, on the contrary, heat the water 

 sometimes almost to boiling. 



The elevation of the island of Julia, to the west 

 of Sicily, was accompanied by phenomena similar to 

 the above. 



3. The Azores — Appearance and Disappearance of Islands subse- 

 quent to Earthquakes — The epl:emei-al Island Sabrina. 



The Azores are entirely volcanic, and we there find 

 the same remarkable phenomena occurring tliat we 

 have already noticed in the Grecian Archipelago. 



Evidence of the existence of a submarine volcano, 

 near St. Michael, was given by four eruptions in less 

 than 200 years. One of them began on the 11th of 

 June, 1(338, during an earthquake. Flames and 

 smoke were thrown out by the agitated sea near St. 

 Michael ; earth and rocks were projected to a great 

 height, and, again falling into the sea, at last ac- 

 cumulated sufficiently to form an island ten kilo- 

 metres in extent, and nearly 400 feet high. Like 

 Julia, the island soon disappeared. 



Another earthquake occurred suddenly on the I^lsl 



