( 30 ) 



103. Mahua. The measures taken for the more extended utilisation of the mahua 

 flower (viz., leasing for 3-year periods at a time the entire crop to the abkari contractor), 

 which have been nullified by the advent of the present famine, should be resumed. 



104. Katha. The katha-boiling industry should be given more encouragement than it 

 has hitherto received. The khairwas should be given an uninterrupted succession of practic- 

 able areas, thus bringing about sustained manufacture and systematic exploitation. It is for 

 consideration whether for the first two or three years operations should not be carried on in 

 conjunction and constant communication with the officers in charge of the Jubbulpore and 

 Saugor Divisions, so that one or more katha-boiling circles may be established independent of 

 the felling series and irrespective of the limits of each Division. Also see Appendix IX. 



The khairwas should obviously be required to cut back carefully all trees likely to throw 

 up good coppice. 



105. Grass. Every endeavour should be made to dispose of as much grass as possible 

 with the double object of making revenue and diminishing the frequency and destructive- 

 ness of forest fires. The rates of royalty must therefore be pitched low and in inverse pro- 

 portion to the distance of the forest from the place of demand. It is in the coupes that will 

 be closed to grazing immediately after exploitation that the grass will be most abundant and 

 most dangerous ; its removal should hence be encouraged, even if it is necessary to give it 

 away free. A useful measure with reference to prosperous villages possessing an insufficiency 

 of grass lands will be to levy a small annual fee from those inhabitants who are willing to 

 commute by means of a single trifling annual payment for the right to take out as much 

 grass as they want and whenever they care to take it out. 



106. With respect to other articles of minor produce no special directions need be given 

 in this working plan. 



ARTICLE 5. Control of the Working Plan. 



107. The prescriptions of the Forest Department Code in regard to the maintenance of 

 Control Books will be strictly observed. Although the annual returns in Forms 2 and 

 3 will give figures by working circles, yet for the purposes of the Divisional Officer and his 

 Assistants and the revision of the working plan, details will be kept in the Divisional Office 

 by felling series. These details will be obtained directly from the " Accomplished " portion 

 of the Plan of Operations Forms. The Forest Journal will be kept in the form and manner 

 prescribed by the Conservator; by the entries made in it, it should be possible after a few years 

 to arrive at a complete and accurate knowledge of the habits and requirements of our principal 

 trees, so that the best possible system of treatment to follow in order to attain a given object 

 may be devised with ease and certainty. 



108. At the same time that the Control Books and Forest Journal are maintained, a 

 book should be opened for a complete description of compartments, which, as said in para- 

 graph 62 above, will be the coupes themselves. A complete opening of the book will be given 

 to each compartment. At the top of the left-hand page will be made a sketch, on the scale 

 of 4 inches=l mile, of the compartment, the serial numbers of the surrounding compartments, 

 &c., being indicated, and within the limits of the compartment the distribution of the various 

 types of forest will be shown by means of washes and lines of representative colours. 



The following colours will be employed : 



(a) For teak ... ... ... ... ... Green. 



(6) ,, kbair ... ._ ... ... ... Carmine. 



(c) bamboos ... ... ... ... ... Gamboge. 



(d) ,, bija ... ... ... ... ,_ Dark blue. 



(e~) mixed forest of inferior timber trees ... .- ... Sepia. 



(f) inferior species ... ._ ... Burnt sienna. 



(g) Blank ... ... ... ... ... No colour. 



The predominating type will be indicated by a ground wash of its representative colour, 

 and a mixture with it of other species by parallel lines, the lines being vertical when the mix- 

 ture is marked, horizontal when it is only slight. A type will be considered to predominate 

 when the species representing it composes more than half the crop. When more than one 

 type is in mixture with the predominating type, the several types in mixture will be repre- 

 sented by alternating lines of the respective representative colours. The above instructions 

 will be best understood by means of a few examples : 



(i) Complete blank ... ... ... No colour at all. 



(ii) Grassy blank dotted with inferior species, Horizontal lines of burnt sienna on uncoloured ground, 



(iii) Very open forest with khair ... ... Vertical carmine lines on uncoloured ground. 



(iv) Bamboo forest with a sprinkling of teak ... Horizontal green lines on gamboge ground. 



(v) Bamboo forest with a considerable number Alternating green, sepia and burnt sienna vertical 

 Of tak, inferior timber trees and inferior lines on gamboge ground, 

 species. 

 And so on. 



