NOVA ZEMBLA AND LANDS BEYOND. 81 



work ; fragments of metal handle of same ; grindstone ; an 

 eight-pound iron weight; small cannon-ball; gun-lock, 

 with hammer and flint ; clock, bell of clock, and striker ; 

 rasp ; small auger ; small narrow strips of copper band ; 

 two salt and pepper pots, about eight inches high ; two 

 pairs of compasses ; fragment of iron-handled knife ; three 

 spoons ; borer ; hone ; one wooden, and one bronze tap ; 

 two wooden stoppers for gun muzzles ; two spear or ice- 

 pole heads ; four navigation instruments ; a flute ; lock 

 and key ; another lock ; sledge-hammer head ; clock 

 weight ; twenty-six pewter candlesticks and fragments, 

 six in a complete state of preservation ; pitcher of Etruscan 

 shape, beautifully engraved ; upper half of another pitcher ; 

 wooden trencher, coloured red ; clock alarum ; three scales ; 

 four medallions, circular, about eight inches in diameter, 

 three of them mounted in oak frames ; a string of buttons j 

 hilt of sword, and a foot of its blade ; halberd head ; and 

 two carved pieces of wood, one with the haft of a knife in 

 it. 



' On the 1 4th of September Captain Carlsen sailed from 

 the Ice Haven, and kept along the east coast of Novaia 

 Zemlaia, encountering bad weather and contrary winds, 

 but succeeding in his chief object, the circumnavigation of 

 the island, which he accomplished on the 6th of October. 

 He returned to Hammerfest early in November. 



'Our chronological summary now brings us to the 

 Austrian Polar expedition of 1872. The command was 

 intrusted to Lieutenant Payer, an accomplished seaman 

 who had served under Captain Koldewey ; Carlsen was 

 engaged as pilot; and the steamer Tegefhoff was carefully 

 and abundantly equipped for the voyage. The plan laid 

 down by Lieutenant Payer was well conceived ; namely, to 

 round the north-eastern point of Novaia Zemlaia, and sail 

 eastward until he made the extreme north of Siberia, where 

 he proposed to winter. In the spring, travelling parties 

 would be sent out on exploring journeys ; and the voyage 

 in summer would be continued as far as Behring's Strait. 



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