106 THE FOREST LANDS OF NORTHERN RUSSIA. 



ing to the reports of the Government Direction of forests, 

 in the Governments of the South the artificial plantation 

 has thus far progressed 



Deciatines of By Sowing. By Planting. 

 Forest. 



1866 ... Cultivated 4148 2088 2060 



1867 ... 2772 1372 1400 



1868 ... 3007 1317 1690 



1869 ... 3750 1447 2303 



1870 ... 1230 255 975 



' In what relates to the planting of forests on the proper- 

 ties of private individuals we possess very little information 

 indeed ; it is only known that with certain proprietors the 

 plantation of forests has taken place on extents of land 

 which are relatively considerable ; with Count Ouvaroff in 

 the Government of Moscow, to the extent of 700 deciatines ; 

 with M. Schatiloff, in the Government of Tula, with M. 

 Skarjinsky, in the Government of Cherson, to the extent 

 of 500 deciatines; in the Colony of Mennonites, in the 

 Government of Taurida, and with some other proprietors. 



' Works of improvements which consist in constructing 

 or improving forest ways for the leading out of fellings, 

 the drying of marshes, the surrounding the borders of 

 forests with ditches or quick -hedges, and the purchasing 

 up in Courland of forest servitudes have only taken place 

 in what are relatively very restricted proportions. 



' Conformably to the natural geographical distribution of 

 the principal forest trees in Russia (in the north they are 

 resinous woods which predominate, in the south they are 

 leaf-bearing trees), the management of the forests has 

 taken also two different principal forms. In the north, 

 and in the northern portions of Central Russia, there pre- 

 dominate lofty forests with reproduction by seed ; in the 

 south, and in the central portion of Central Russia, coppice 

 woods predominate, with reproduction by shoots and 

 suckers. The success of this last system of exploitation 

 meets with a serious obstacle in the want of a strict organi- 



