Outlines of the Botany of the Isle of Wight. 509 



AtAs/ieywe meet the first indications of an increasing number of 

 chalk plants. Reseda lutea occurs near the water-works. In the copses 

 called Bloodstone and Eagle-head we find Rhamnus catharicus, Bryonia 

 dioica, Lathraea Squamaria, Pyrus Aria, Ophrys muscifera. On the 

 descent to Kerne, Carduus acanthoi'des, Rhamnus catharticus, and 

 Sambucus Ebulus ; a little further on, Cuscuta europaea sometimes 

 covers the hedges by the field-road to Alverstone, and Cuscuta Trifolii, 

 another parasite, occurs with Orobanche minor in the clover. 



Arreton is head-quarters of Verbascum nigrum. Towards Merston, 

 Daphne Laureola ; in the corn-fields, Anthemis arvensis. 



Gatcombe yields Neottia Nidus-avis, Ophrys muscifera ; and in 

 Tolt Copse, Campanula Trachelium, Lathrsea squamaria, Milium 

 effusum, Lactuca muralis, Prunus domestica (?), &c. ; in the corn- 

 fields, Euphorbia platyphylla. There is also a lane, known as "Gal- 

 lants," where Verbascum Blattaria grows wild; and Snowdrop lane 

 yields in abundance the flower after which it is called. Saxifraga 

 tridactylites grows upon the church. 



At Carisbrook Arabis hirsuta grows in the fosse, and elsewhere 

 about the Castle ; Echium is found in the same place, and with it 

 Calamintha officinalis. Ophrys muscifera occurs in several of the small 

 copses, and one of our scarcest plants, the Cephalanthera grandiflora, 

 has been gathered under some beeches on the east side of the Castle ; 

 and at the western side of the hill Cyperus longus may perhaps still 

 exist: to the south-west Prunus domestica (?) is plentiful in a lane 

 leading to Frost-hills. 



By following the road towards Swainston, A2s Down Farm will be 

 reached, the only British Station for Calamintha sylvatica. To find this 

 unique plant, turn to the left through Ape's Farm ; on the right lies the 

 steep down producing Orchis ustulata, O. pyramidalis, O. conopsea, 

 Carduus eriphorus ; and it is in the long strips of copse which bound the 

 road on the left side that will be seen in perfection Bromfield's Gala- 

 mint. In many parts it covers the ground almost exclusively, and in 

 September forms a most beautiful object, with blossoms far larger and 

 handsomer than those of C. officinalis. With it grow Campanula 

 Trachelium, Rubus caesius, &c. 



A little further up the same valley, Long Copse produces Lathraea 

 Squamaria, and near Roughborough Farm Cichorium Intybus very 

 scarce in the Isle of Wight. 



Bottom- ground Copse, on the way from Carisbrooke to Shorwell, is 

 one of the two stations for Vinca minor. 



Nearer to Shorwell itself is Geranium lucidum on the hedge-banks ; 

 Malva moschata, Campanula Trachelium also occur. 



Near Swainston have been found Aquilegia vulgaris, Chenopodium 

 glaucum, Habenaria viridis, Poa compressa, Calamintha officinalis. 



At Calbourne Papaver Argemone and P. hybridum, Reseda lutea, 

 Orchis ustulata, Monotropa Hypopitys (New Barn), Nepeta Cataria, 

 Verbena officinalis, Neottia Nidus-avis, and a single plant of Cephalan- 

 thera grandiflora ; and Inula Helenium grows plentifully in a field about 



