510 A lexander Goodman More Scientific Papers. 



\ a mile on the road to Yarmouth. In the cultivated fields will be seen 

 Bupleurum rotundifolium and many other colonists. Spiraea Filipendula 

 is peculiar to Westover. 



Thorley produces again Inula Helenium, Chenopodium glaucum, 

 and Vulpia Myurus near the church ; Berberis vulgaris grows in a hedge 

 towards Shalcomb ; Calamintha officinalis is not rare in the vicinity. 



Freshwater Down is rich in calcareous as well as maritime plants. 

 Here grow Arabis hirsuta, Gentiana Amarella, Orchis ustulata, 

 O. pyramidalis, &c. A variety of Galium Mollugo, with yellowish green 

 flowers, occurs in a hedge close to Plumbley's Hotel; and, curiously 

 enough, Serratula tinctoria and Betonica officinalis maybe seen growing 

 on the open pasture behind the Fort, a locality very different from the 

 sheltered woods they usually inhabit. Carduus tenuiflorus and Marru- 

 bium vulgare will be sure to attract attention on the summit of the 

 down, and upon their stems or at their roots there will be obtained that 

 beautiful and local shell Bulimus acutus. It will not be forgotten that 

 close by are some localities most prolific in rare plants. A short visit 

 to the marshy meadows at Easton, and another excursion to Colwell 

 Heath and Yarmouth are well worth the consideration of any botanists 

 who have sufficient time at their disposal. 



Contrasted with the Southern Chalk Downs above the Undercliff, the 

 main range has 14 species not found in the other, viz. : 



Arabis hirsuta. 

 Rhamnus catharticus. 

 Spiraea Filipendula. 

 Bryonia dioica. 

 Campanula Trachelium. 

 Verbascum nigrum. 

 Orobanche Picridis. 



Lathraea Squamaria. 

 Calamintha sylvatica. 

 Habenaria viridis. 

 Ophrys muscifera. 

 Cephalanthera grandiflora. 

 Poa compressa. 

 Bupleurum rotundifolium. 



Similarly the Undercliff claims 5 calcareous plants which do not 

 occur in the central chalk. 



DIVISION IV. 

 PLANTS OF THE GREENSAND VALLEY. 



The district lying between the two ranges of Downs presents a sur- 

 face remarkably varied, often rising to abrupt heath-covered eminences, 

 or again sinking to marshy hollows, through which may be traced, by 

 its fringe of alders, the slowly-winding stream, often almost lost where 

 the valley widens into low swampy meadows, or boggy willow-thickets, 

 conspicuous for enormous bushes of the fragrant Dutch myrtle, and 

 great hassocks of Carex paniculata. The deep indentations cut 

 wherever the little brooks fall over the sandstone cliffs, so well known 

 by the name of " chines," principally belong to the Greensand forma- 

 tion. 



