55 Alexander Goodman More Scientific Papers. 



spawning season. A similar habit has been noticed in the shad of some 

 of the Italian lakes. But, surely, no one would think of giving such 

 forms a new Latin specific name and rank. 



Even the lesser river lamprey (Planer's lamprey), which grows only 

 to five or six inches in length, is suspected to be an immature state, or 

 stage, of the larger river lamprey. 



The history of the eel is not well understood. Those which descend 

 to the sea are said to do so with the intention of spawning in brackish 

 water. But whether both sexes ascend the rivers, or whether the male 

 eel resides always in brackish water, is not quite certain. One thing 

 is interesting, the salmon and sea-trout ascend the rivers to deposit 

 their spawn. The eels descend so as to spawn in brackish water, 

 where the innumerable fry are reared, which ascend our larger rivers in 

 such multitudes in spring. 



We now give 



A LIST OF FRESHWATER FISHES 



found in Cork, Kerry, Clare, and other parts of South-west Ireland : 



1 . Perch (Perca ftuviatilis}. Frequent. 



2 . Three-spined stickleback ( Gasterosteus aculeatus}. Common ; 

 and sometimes swarms in brackish ditches near the sea. Several varie- 

 ties occur. The rough -tailed (G. trachurus), the armoured (G. semi- 

 loricatus], the half-armed (G. semiarmatus], the four-spined(. spinu- 

 losus], are found in brackish and salt-water. The other two, viz., the 

 smooth -tailed {G. gymnurus'}* and the short- spined(G.Z>rackycentrus), 

 inhabit fresh water. 



3. Ten-spined Stickleback {Gasterosteus pungitius] is frequent. 

 Is enumerated by Harvey in the " Fauna of Cork." 



4. Gudgeon ( Gobio fluviatilis] occurs at Killaloe, &c. 



5. Rudd (called "Roach" in Ireland) (Leuciscus erythroph- 

 thalmus}. Frequent. 



6. Tench (Tinea vulgaris}. Introduced in a few localities ; not 

 native. 



7. Loach, or " Colliah " (Nemachidus barbatulus}. Killaloe, 

 Portumna, and South-west Cork. 



8. Twaite Shad {Clupeafinta}. At the mouth of river Blackwater, 

 near Cappoquin, where they are called " Bony Horses" ; also in the 

 Lakes of Killarney. 



9. Pike (Esox lucius}. Attains to 49lbs. and 5 1 Ibs. at Killaloe, 

 and 78 Ibs. in Clare (Thompson). 



10. Salmon (Salmo salar}. Ascends all the larger rivers, to spawn 

 in fresh water. 



n. Sea- trout (Salmo trutta and S. cambricus}. Both forms ascend 

 the rivers from the sea, to spawn in fresh water. 



