22 



ORIGINATING OF VARIETIES. 



Saddle Grafting. In saddle grafting, the stock is pared obliquely 

 on both sides, till it becomes an inverted wedge, and 

 the scion is slit up the centre, when its sides are pared 

 down till they fit the sides of the stock. (See fig. 13.) 

 This is the best mode to pursue with the cherry and 

 other stone fruits. 



Side Grafting, as seen in the cut (fig. 9), is per- 

 formed by cutting a notch or slit of about one inch 

 long in the side of the stock, paring the outer por- 

 tion, splitting the graft, and paring the inner portion, 

 then inserting it so as to give a union of the bark 

 and wood leaving meanwhile the top of the stock 

 to carry on the circulation of sap until the graft 

 becomes united, when it is to be cut away. This is 

 the best for the magnolia and for the hickory, ash, &c. ; and also 

 when scions may have been received late in the Spring, or the work 

 of grafting unavoidably delayed. 



Fig. 9. 



Fig. 10. 



Fig. 11. 



Fig. 13. 



Cleft Grafting is an easy, though clumsy mode, rarely practiced, 

 except on limbs, or branches, too large for whip grafting. In this the 

 scion is cut like a wedge, sloping on both sides. The stock is split 

 with a grafting chisel, or large knife, which is drawn to one side, and 

 holds open the split while the scion is pressed in, so that the albumen, 

 or inner barks, match, when the chisel or wedge is drawn away. 



Wrapping or Tying. After the operation of grafting is performed, 

 bass-bark, or bass matting, or soft woolen or cotton yarn, is then 

 wrapped around to retain them perfectly in their places. Where 

 small trees or roots are engrafted, and to be planted in nursery-rows, 

 this is all that is necessary ; but when grafting is performed on stand- 

 ard trees, it is better to cover the matting with a wax, made in the 

 following manner: 



