FORMS OF THE PERIANTH. 



35 



laceous or pink-like corollas consist of five petals with long, erect 

 clasvs, and spreading lamina; as in the Pink (56). 3d, Rosa- 

 ceous or rose-like corollas are composed of five short-clawed open 

 petals; as in the Rose (fig. 57). 4th, Liliaceous flowers, like 

 the Lilies, consist of a six-leaved perianth ; each leaf gradually 

 spreading so as to resemble, as a whole, the funnel-form (58). 



101. Polypetalous-irregular forms (59, 71) may generally 

 be referred to these two types the papilionaceous and the or- 

 chidaceous. The Papilionaceous (papilio, butterfly) corolla or 

 flower may consist of five dissimilar petals, designated thus : the 

 upper, largest, and exterior petal is the banner (vexillum) ; the 

 two lateral, half-exterior, are the wings (alee) ; the two lower, 

 interior petals, often united at their lower margin, are the keel 

 (carina). The flowers of the Pea, Locust, Clover, and of the 

 great family of the Leguminosae in general are examples. The 

 Orchidaceous is a form of the perianth peculiar to the Orchis, 

 and to that large and singular tribe in general. It is a 6-partecl 

 double perianth, very irregular, characterized chiefly by its lip, 

 which is the upper petal (lower by the twisting of the ovary) 

 enlarged and variously deformed. 



61 



\ 



Papilionaceous flower of the Pea. 60, Displayed; r, the vexillum; n, a, the alfe; c, r, the cariiu. 

 61, Section of flower of Dicentra Cucullaria. 



102. Gamopetalous-regular perianths (62-67) may in 

 elude mainly the following forms, although some of t^iem may 

 become irregular. First, Rotate, wheel-shaped, or stir-shaped, 

 is a form with tube very short, if any, and a flat, spreading bor- 

 der; as the calyx of Chickweed, corolla of Trientalis, Elder. It 

 is sometimes a little irregular, as in Mullein. 2d, Cup-shaped 

 with pieces cohering into a concave border, as in the calyx of 



