74 STRUCTURAL BOTANY. 



in the development of the internodes. In the bud, the nodeM 

 are closely crowded together, with no perceptible internodes ; 

 thus bringing the rudimentary leaves in close contact with each 

 other. But in the stem, which is afterward evolved from that 

 bud, we see full-grown leaves separated by considerable spaces. 

 That is, while leaves are developed from the rudiments, inter- 

 nodes are pushed out from the growing point. 



251, A Strawberry plant (Fragaria vesca) sending out a runner. 



221. There are, however, many species of plants, especially of 

 herbs, in which the axis of the primary bud does not develop 

 into internodes at all, or but partially in various degrees. See 

 the axis of Trillium, Onion, and Bloodroot. , Such stems seldom 

 appear above-ground. They are subterranean. This fact makes 

 a wide difference in the forms of stems, and naturally constitutes 

 them into two great divisions viz., the Leaf -stems and the 

 Scale-stems. 



Review. 211. What is the Axis ? What the Ascending Axis ? 212. Is the axis always 

 erect? What is a procumbent stem? What decumbent ? Ascending? Subterranean? 

 How may these be distinguished from roots ? 213. Explain the growth of a simple stem. 

 Where may the plumule-bud always be found? 214. Explain the growth of a branching 

 stem. Define a branch. 215. Their order. State the three general modes. 216. What is 

 a sucker? 217. What is a stolon? 218. What is a cion? An offset? Slips and cuttings? 

 219. How does the Strawberry spread ? 220. What is a Node ? An Internode ? What of 

 Stein growth ? 221. State carefully a different method. Two grand divisions of Stems. 



