THE COMPOUND LEAF. 105 



clasp the stem. Should these lobes extend quite around the 

 stem and become blended together, on the other side a perfoliate 

 leaf will be formed (per, through, folium, leaf), the stem seem- 

 ing to pass through the leaves. When the bases of two opposite 

 sessile leaves are so united as to form one piece of the two, they 

 are said to be connate. 



Insertion of leace*. 388, Aster laeris (amplexicaul). 389, Uvularia perfoliata. 390, Lonicera semper- 

 virens (connate;. 



312. Surface. The following terms are applicable to any 

 other organs as well as leaves. In the quality of surface the 

 leaf may be glabrous (smooth), destitute of all hairs, bristles, 

 etc., or scabrous (rough), with minute, hard points, hardly visi- 

 ble. A dense coat of hairs will render the leaf pubescent when 

 the hairs are soft and short ; villous when they are rather long 

 and weak ; sericeous, or silky, when close and satin-like : such 

 a coat may also be lanuginous, woolly ; tomentous, matted like 

 felt ; mfloccose, in soft, fleecy tufts. 



313. Thinly scattered hairs render the surface hirsute when 

 they are long ; pilous when short and soft ; hispid when short 

 and stiff*. The surface will be setous when beset with bristly 

 hairs called setce / and spinous when beset with spines, as in the 



