ORDER 23. MALVACEAE. 



'nvolucel of 6 to 9 bractlets. Carpels 1-seeded .......................... ALTH.KA. 



nvolncel of 3 distinct bractlets. Carpels 1-seeded. Stigmas linear ....... MALVA. 



nvolucel of 3 united bractlets. Carpels 1-seecled ............. ............ LAVATERA. 



nvolucel of 3 distinct bractlets. Carpels 2-seeded ........................ MODIOLA. 



nvolucels (of 2 or 3 distinct bractlets). Carpels 1-seeded. Stig. capitate. ...MALVASTKUM. 



6 Flowers dioecious. Stigmas 10, linear ............... ................. NAP^EA 



b Flowers perfect. Carpels 5 or more, 1-seeded ................ ....... SIDA. 7 



b Flowers perfect. Carpels 5 or many, 3 to 9-seeded .................... ABUTILO.V. 8 



c Stigmas 10. Carpels 5, baccate, united ............................ MALVA viscus. 9 



e Stigmas 10. Carpels 5, dry, distinct ............................... PAVONIA. 10 



c Stigmas 5. Carpels 5, dry, united into a pod ....................... KOSTELETZKYA. 11 



d Inv,/ucre of many bractlets. Calyx regular .................. HIBISCUS. 12 



d Involucre of 3 incisely-toothed bractlets ....................... GOSSVPIUM. 13 



1. ALTH2EA, L. MARSH MALLOW. ("^A.3<, to cure; the mucilagi- 

 nous root is highly esteemed in medicine.) Calyx surrounded at base by a 

 C-9-cleft involucel. Styles GO, with linear stigmas. Carpels oo, 1-seeded, 

 indehiscent, arranged circularly, and at maturity separating from the axis. 



1 A. officinolis L. Lvs. soft-downy on both sides, cordate-ovate, dentate, somewhat 



3-lobed ; ped. much shorter than the leaves, axillary, many-flowered, u Salt marshes, 

 North. 3f. Flowers large, pale purple. Sept. Ear. 



2 A. rosea Cav. Hollyhock. St. erect, hairy ; Ivs. cordate, 5-7-angled. rugous; fls. ax- 



illary, sessile. @ Gardens, often sowing itself. 6f. Flowers of all colors. 



2. MALVA, L. MALLOW. (Ma^axy, soft; on account of the soft 

 mucilaginous properties.) Calyx 5-cleft, the involucel 3-leaved. Pet. 

 obcordate or truncate. Styles oo, with linear stigmas. Carpels oo, 1- 

 celled, 1-seeded, indehisceut, arranged circularly, and at maturity sepa- 

 rating from the axis. 



* Leaves triangular-hastate, crenate, scabrous. Carpels acute .................. No. 1 



* Leaves orbicular, with 57 angular lobes. Carpels obtuse ............... Nos. 24 



* Leaves palmately 5-7-parted .................................... ......... Nos. 57 



I M. triaiigul&ta Lav. Rough-hairy; Ivs. triang.-hastate, crenate; the lower cor- 



date; panicle many-flowered; carp. 10 15, slightly beaked, at length 2-valved. U Dry 

 prairies. W. arid S. 2 3f. Petal* 1', purple. July, Aug. (Callirrhoe triang. Gr.) 

 1 ott. rotiimliiolia L. Low Mallow. St. prostrate ; Ivs. obtusely 5-lobed ; cor. pale, 

 twice as long as the calyx. 11 Waste grounds. If. June, July. Eur. 



3 M. sylvestris L. High Mallow. St. erect ; Ivs. 5-7-lobed, lobes rather acute ; pet. 



purple, 3 times longer than sepals. Waysides. 3f. June, July. Eur. 



4 in. crispa L. St. erect; Ivs. angular-lobed. dentate, crisped, smooth; fls. axillary, 



sessile, white. <T) Gardens and waste grounds. 5f. June Aug. Syria. 



5 3JI. moscliata L. Musk Mallow. Erect ; radical Ivs. reniform, incised, cauline 5- 



parted, the segments linear-cuneiform, incisely lobed ; peduncles shorter than the 

 leaves, u Gardens and waysides. 2f. Flowers large, roseate. July. Eur. 



6 HH. A'lcea L. Erect ; rt. Ivs. angular; st. Ivs. 5-lobed, the lobes merely incised ; stem 



and calyx velvety. ii Escaped from gardens : rare. 3f. Fls. purple. July, t Eur. 



7 M. Papaver Cav. Poppy Mallow. Lvs. 3-5-parted, segm. oblong or linear, entire 



or toothed : fls. on very long peduncles; bracteoles 13, subulate, it Open woods, 

 South. 1218'. Flowers bright red. May, June. (Callirrhoe Papaver Gr.) 



3. LAVATERA, L. (Named in honor of the two Lavaters, physicians 

 of Zurich.) Calyx subtended by an involucel of 3 united bracteoles. 

 Stigmas oo, filiform. Carpels oo, 1-celled, 1-seeded,. indehiscent, arranged 

 circularly as in Malva. 



L, TKIMESTRIS. Annual ; Ivs. roundish-cordate, the upper angular ; fls. large, red, soli- 

 tary. Europe. 2f. The flowers vary to white. July, Aug. 



