70 ORDER 31. RUTACE^E. 



apex ; caps, often 1-celled by the obliteration ( f the dissepiments, 5-valvcd, 

 bursting elastically. Sts. smooth, succulent, tender, subpellucid, with tu- 

 mid joints. Lvs. simple, alternate, serrate. Figs. 27, 28, 815. 



1 I. pallida Nutt. Lvs. oblong-ovate ; peel. 2^1-flowered, elongated ; lower gibbous 



sepals dilated-conical, broader than long, with a very short, recurved spur ; fls. pale 

 yellow, sparingly dotted. (T) Wet shades. 3 4f. Aug. 



2 I. f tilva Nutt. Lvs. rhombic ovate ; ped. 2-4-flowercd, short ; lower gibbous sopal 



acutely conical, longer than broad, with an elongated, closely reflexed spur; fls. deep 

 orange, spotted. Damp grounds. 2 3f. July. 



S 1* BALSAMINA L. Balsamine. Lvs. lanceolate, serrate, upper ones alternate ; ped. 

 clustered ; spur shorter than the flower. E. India. Fls. large, white and red. 



ORDER XXXI. RUTACE^E. RUEWORTS. 



Herbs or generally shrubs or trees, with the exstipulate leaves dotted with 

 transparent glands containing aromatic or acrid oil. Flowers regular, 3-5- 

 merous, hypogynous, perfect or polygamous. Stamens as many or twice as 

 many as the sepals. Pistils 2 5, separate or united, styles united. Fruit 

 capsular or separating into its component, 1-2-seeded carpels. 



8 RUTE.E. Flowers perfect. (Herbs. Stamens 10.).. (a) 



a Petals equal, concave. Capsule 5-lobed RUTA. 1 



a Petals unequal, clawed. Capsules separable DICTAMNUS. 2 



ZANTHOXYLE^E. Flowers $ $. (Trees, shrubs).. (6) 



b Pistils 35, separate below. Stamens 36 ZAMHOXTLUM. 3 



b Pistils 2, united. Samara 2-seeded PTF.LEA. 4 



1. RUTA, L. RUE. Calyx of 4 or 5 sepals, united at base. Petals 4 or 

 5, concave, obovate, distinct, torus surrounded by 10 nectariferous pores. 

 Stamens 10. Capsule lobed. 1C 5> mostly European. 



R. GRAVEOLENS L. Common Hue. Suffruticous, nearly glabrous ; leaves 23 pinnately 

 divided, segm. oblong, obtuse, terminal ones obovate-cuneate, all entire or irregularly 

 cleft ; fls. terminal, corymbous ; pet. entire. 3f. Greenish. 



2. DICTAMNUS, L. FRAXINELLA. Calyx of 5, deciduous sepals ; 

 petals 5, unguiculate, unequal ; filaments 10, declinate, with glandular 

 dots ; capsules 5, slightly united. If Native of Germany. 



D. ALBUS Willd. St. simple ; Ivs. pinnate, the rachis more or less winged ; fls. in a large, 

 terminal, erect panicle. In gardens. 1 2f. Fls. showy. 

 ft. RUBRA. Fls. purple ; rachis of the leaves winged. 



3. ZANTHOXYLUM, L. PRICKLY Asn. (3av$6$, yellow, Su'Aov, 

 wood.) Sepals 4 or 5, rarely obsolete. Petals 4 or 5. Sta. as many as the 

 petals in $ , rudimentary in ? . Pistils 3 to 5, distinct below, with cohe- 

 rent styles, in fruit crustaceous, 2-valved, 1 or 2-seeded. J> ^ With sharp 

 prickles, pinnate leaves, and small, greenish flowers. 



1 Z. .Ymcrica.ii urn Mill. Prickly; Ifts. 9 11, ovate, sessile, equal at base; umbels 



axillary ; sep. obsolete, pet. 5. Woods. 10 12f. Flowers before leaves. April. 



2 Z. Caroliniauum Lam. Prickly; Ifts. 7 13, fulcate-lanceolate, v^ry inequilat 



eral, petiolulate ; panicles terminal ; sop minute ; bark warted around the prickles. 

 8. States. Tree, 20-40f. Bark intensely pungent to the taste. Mav. ' 



