112 OHDKR 45. SAXIFRAGACE.E. 



20. PYRUS, L. PEAR, APPLE, &c. Calyx urceolate, liinb 5-clefL Pet 

 5, roundish. Styles 5 (2 or 3), often united at base. Pome closed, 2-5- 

 carpelled, fleshy or baccate. Carp, cartilaginous, 2-seeded. ^ *> Lvs. simple 

 or pinnate. Flowers white or rose-colored, in cyrnous corymbs. 



PYRUS. Leaves simple, glandless. Styles distinct. Pome pyriform No. 1 



MALUS. Leaves simple, glandless. Styles united below. Pome globocs .Nos. 2 4 



ARONIA. Leaves simple, glandular on the midvein. Styles united, &c No. 5 



SORBUS. Leaves pinnate. Styles 25, distinct. Pome small (scarlet) Nos 6, 7 



1 P. COMMUNIS. Pear-tree. Lvs. ovate-lanceolate, obscurely crenate, glabrous and 



polished above, acute or acuminate ; corymbs racemous ; cal. and pedicels pubest cnt ; 

 styles 5, distinct and villous at base. Europe. 20 35f. 



2 P. MALUS. Common Apple-tree. Lvs. ovate or oblong-ovate, serrate, not lobej, 



downy, the veins all incurved ; corymbs subumbellate ; pet. with short claws ; styles 

 5, united and villous at base. Europe. 20 30f. Nearly . 



3 P. coroiiarla L. Wild Crab-tree. Lvs. ovate, rounded at base, cut-serrate, often 



sublobate, straight-veined, soon smoothish ; sep. subulate ; fls. large, roseate, corymbed, 

 fragrant ; pome large (IS"), sour. Glades. 10 20f. May. 



4 P. angustifolia Ait. Lvs. lanceolate, often acute at base, crenate-serrate or eub- 



entire, short-stalked ; sep. ovate ; styles distinct. Pa. and S. 20 30f. March. 



5 P. arbutifolia L./. Choke Berry. Downy ; Ivs. oblong or obovate, crenate-serru- 



late, narrowed at base into a short petiole ; fruit pyriform or subglobous, dark red. 

 Damp woods. 5 8f. Fruit size of currants. May, June. 

 /3. melanocarpa* Nearly smooth ; fruit blackish purple. Swamps. 2 4f. 



6 P. Americana DC. Mountain Ash. Lfts. oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, rnucro- 



nately serrate, smooth, subsessile ; cymes compound, with numerous flowers ; pome 

 small, globous ; styles 35. Mountain woods, Can. to Ga. 15 20f. May. t 

 t P. ATJCUPARIA. English Mountain Ash. Lfts. as in P. Americana, except that they 

 are always smooth on both sides, and, with the serratures, less acute at apex , flowera 

 corymbous; fruit globous. Europe. 20 40f. t 



21. CYDONIA, Tourn. QUINCE. Flowers and leaves as in Pyrus. 

 Carpels cartilaginous, many-seeded. Seeds covered with mucil j.ginous 

 pulp. ^> +) Flowers mostly solitary. 



1 C. VULGARIS. Lvs. oblong-ovate, obtuse at base, acute at apex, very entin, smooth 



above, tomentous beneath ; fls. solitary, large, roseate ; pome tomentous, obovoid. 

 Europe. 8 12f. Stems crooked. April, May. 



2 C. JAPONICA. Japan Quince. Lvs. glabrous, shining, coriaceous, ovate-lanceolate, 



acute at each end, serrulate ; stip. reniform ; spines short, straight ; fls. axillary, sub- 

 sessile, crimson. Japan. 5 6f. Very bushy. April, May. 



ORDER XLV. SAXIFRAGACEJS. SAXIFRAGES. 



Herbs or shrubs. Leaves alternate or opposite, sometimes stipulate. 

 Sepals 4 or 5, cohering more or less, and partly or wholly adherent. Pe- 

 tals as many as the sepals, inserted between the lobes of the calyx. 

 Stamens as many as the petals, and alternate with them, o 2 to 10 

 times as many. Ovary mostly inferior, usually of 2 (2 4) carpels cohering 

 at base and distinct or united above. Fruit generally capsular, i-2-celled. 

 Seeds small, many, albuminous. Figs. 25, 52, 53, 132, 250, 273 



A large order, now including Ribes and Paruassia, each often regarded 

 as constituting separate orders. 



