142 ORDER G5. CORKAGES. 



ORDER LXIV. ARALIACE^E. ARALIADS. 



Trees, shrubs or herbs closely allied to the Umbelworts in the leaves, in- 

 florescence and flowers, but the styles and cells of the OVARY are usually more 

 than 2 (3 to 5), cells 1-ovuled. Fruit baccate or dry, 3-5-celled, with 1 al- 

 buminous seed in each cell, and the petals not inflected. Fig. 242. 



Styles and carpels 5. Umbels OO. Flowers perfect. Leaves alternate, pinnate ARALIA. 1 



I Styles and carpels 2 3. Umbel 1. Flowers dioecious. Leaves verticillate, palmate GINSENG. 2 



$ Styles 5, united into 1. Umb. CO. Flowers polygamous. Lvs. simple. Climbing HELERA. 3 



1. ARALIA, L. WILD SARSAPARILLA. Cal. tube adherent, limb 5- 

 toothed. Pet. 5, ovate, spreading. Stain. 5, epigynous. Styles 5, recurved 

 above, persistent. ' Fr. a berry, 5-celled, 5-seeded, and 5-angled when dry, 

 V. 5 Lvs. pinnately compound, alternate. Umbels several or many, white 

 or greenish, in summer. 



* Plant? low (1 20, with few (3 7) umbels corymbonsly arranged Nos. 1, 2 



* Plants tall (3 120, with numerous umbels in racemes Nos. 3, 4 



1 A. nudicaulis L. Nearly stemless, with 1 ternate-pinnate leaf longer than the 



s>C')pe. which bears 3 umbels at top ; plant smooth, if. Rich, Rocky wds. E. & W. If. 



2 A. liispida L. Wild Elder. Stem shrubby and hispid-prickly at base, herbaceous 



above ; Ivs. 1-2-pinnate ; Ifts. ovate, cut-serrate, often lobed ; umbels about 5, long- 

 stalked, forming a terminal corymb, li Dry fields. N. Eng. to Va. 1 2f. Fr. blue-blk. 



3 A. racemosa L. Pettymorrel. Herbaceous, smooth, branched; Ivs. large, bi-ter- 



nate-pinnat, Ifts. ovate, serrate ; umb. small, GO, in a panicle of racemes, u Rocky 

 woods. 3 5f. Root aromatic, an ingredient in small-deer. 



4 A. spinosa L. Angelica-tree. Hercules' Club. Shrub prickly; Ivs. bi- and tri-pin- 



mue, 1ft?. thick, ovate, cusp-pointed, glaucous beneath. Damp woods, O. to Fla. S 

 1-2 90f. Trunk usually simple, bearing all the Ivs. and panicles at the top. 



2. GINSENG. (Panax, L. in part.) Dioecious-polygamous. Cal. tube 

 adherent, limb obsolete. Pet. 5, ovate, obtuse. Stam. 5, epigynous. Sty. 

 2 or 3, distinct, erect. Fruit baccate, 2- or 3-seeded. $ Styles obsolete. 

 U Root tuberous. Stem simple, bearing 3 leaves in a whorl and one um- 

 bel. Flowers white. Fig. 242. 



1 G. trf folium. Ground-nut. Root a round tuber ; stem low (3 fiO ; Ivs. palmately 



3-5-foliate, Ifts. lance-oblong, serrate, subsessile ; peduncle longer than the petioles ; 

 sty. 3 ; berries 3-lobed, greenish-yellow. Low woods : com. May. Root farinaceous. 



2 5. quinquefolium. True Ginseng. Root fusiform, fleshy ; st. taller (If +); Ivs. 



palmately 5-foliate, 1ft?. ample, obovate, petiolulate, acuminate, serrate ; peduncle 

 shorter than the petioles ; sty. 2 ; berries 2-seeded, bright, red. Rocky woods. Jn.-Ang. 



3. HEDERA. L. EUROPEAN IVY. Calyx 5-toothed. Pet, 5, valvate. 

 Sta. 5. Sty. united into 1. Fr. ovoid, baccate, 5-seeded. *> Lvs. coriace- 

 ous, simple. Flowers green. 



II , HELIX. Stems woody, slender, climbing high by radicating fibres ; Ivs. dark green, 

 wit '2. whitish veins, roundish ovate, 5-angled; umbels corymbed ; fr. black. Europe. 



ORDER LXV. CORNACE^. CORNELS. 



Trees and shrubs, seldom herbs, without stipules. Leaves opposite 01 

 rarely alternate, simple, with pinnate vcinlcts. Calyx adherent to the 



