356 OKDKR 154. CYPERACE^E. 



CLASS IV. GtTJMIFEBJE, 



Or GLUMACEOUS E^DOGENS. Plants having vheir flowers in- 

 vested with one or more alternate imbricated glumes (chaff or 

 husk) instead of petals and sepals, and collected into spikeleta, 

 spikes, or heads. The Class is equivalent to 



COHORT 7. GRAMINOIDE^E, the GEAMINOIDS or grasa- 

 like plants. 



ORDER CLIV. CYPERACE^E. THE SEDGES. 



These are grass-like or rush-like Jierbs, with fibrous roots and solid culms. 

 Leaves generally 3-rankecl, linear, channelled, based on entire or tubular 

 sheaths. Flowers spiked, perfect or imperfect, one in the axil of each 

 glume. Perianth none, or represented by a few hypogynous bristles called 

 setce, or a cup-shaped or bottle-shaped perigynium. Stamens definite, gen- 

 erally 3 (112). Anthers fixed by their base, 2-celled. Ovary 1-celled, 

 1-ovuled. Style 2- or 3-cleft and the achenium 2-sided or 3-sided. 



The Sedges abound in marshes, meadows, and swamps. 



S CYPERE.E. Glumes distychous (2-rowed). Flowers all perfect... (*) 



SCIRPE/E. Glumes imbricated all around, each (except sometimes the lowest) with a perfect flower 

 Spikes all terminal or all lateral. ..(**) 



RHYNCHOSPOREJS. Glumes imbricated all around or irregularly, the lowest empty. Spikelets 

 both terminal and axillary (except Dichromena and Chaetospora). ..(***) 



CARICEJ2. Glumes imbricated all around, or irregularly. Flowers monoecious or dioecious. Ache- 

 nium enclosed in a bottle-shaped perifjijnium. ..(****) 



* Inflorescence axillary. Perigynium or perianth of 610 setae DDLICHIUM. 1 



* Inflorescence terminal. Perigynium none. a Spikes 2 - OO - flowered CYPERUS. 2 



n Spikes 1-flowered, capitate KYLLINGIA. 3 



** Perianth of 3 ovate clawed petals and (often) of 3 setas. Glumes awned FCIRKNA. 4 



** Perianth of 2 oblong sessile scales (pales) and no setae. Spikes 00 LIPOCARPHA. 5 



** Perianth of 1 minute double scale and no setae. Spikes 2, lateral HEMICARPHA. 6 



** Perianth of setas only, 3 - X . No scales or petals. . .(I) 

 ** Perianth none at ail. ..(<?) 



b Acheninni crowned with a tubercle. Spike solitary, terminal ELKOCH *RI3. 7 



! Achenium not tubercled. c Setas 36, short, or else tawny. (CH^TOSPORA, 18; SCIUPUS 8 



i: Set;e 00 ( 6), long, cottony, white or reddish.. . .ERIOPHOKU.M 9 



d Style 2-cleft. Spikes 5 10, terminal (capitate in Gen. 13) FIMBRISTYLIS. 10 



I Style 3-cleft. Achenium 3-angled TRICUELOSTVUS. 11 



" H ^ehenia crowned with the persistent style or its bulbous base (a tubercle). . .(*) 



** Achenia not ttiberculute, x brown like the scales. Setse none ....CLADIUM 16 



x white or whitish, crustaceous. Setae none SCLKKIA. 17 



Perianth none (no setas). y Spikes diffusely cyrnous PSII.OCAKYA. 12 



/ Spikes capitate. Bracts colored DICHROMKNA. 1.'? 



* Perianth of setae. a Acheninm tuberculate with the base of the style.. KHYNCHOSPORA. 14 



z Achenium horned with the entire long style OKKATOSCUCEINUS. 15 



**** Spikes either with $ and 9 flowers, or each wholly $ or wholly 9 CAKEX. 19 



1. DUIJCHIUM, Rich. Spikes linear-lanceolate, flattened. Glumes 

 uheathing, closely imbricated in two rows. Style long, bifid, the persist- 



