OKDER 154. CYPERACE^E. 363 



1 E. alpiiium L. Culms jointleps, Blender, 8 16', form a creeping rhizome; Ivs. 



radical, short, subulate ; spk. 2", the white hairs at length 79" long. Bogs, N., M. 



2 E. vagiiiatum L. .Rigid, tufted, 1 2f, culm with 1 or 2 inflated sheaths; leaves 



radical, filiform ; spk. 6 S", blackish, hairs 1', white, glossy, 3040 in each flower. 

 N. Er,g. to Mich., and N. Pocono Mt. in Perm. (Prof. Porter.) 



3 E. "VIrginlcum L. Culm strict, firm, slender, 2 3f, Ivs. shorter, narrowly lin- 



ear; invol. 2-4-lvd. ; spk. ovoid, 3", many, glomerate with very short ped, forming a 



capitate cluster ; setae 70200, pale-cinnamon, 68" long. Bogs. 



/3. conftrtissimnm. Setae white, in a large and compact tuft. N. H., N. Y., &Can. 

 i E. polystacliion L. Culms 1 2f, with 2 or 3 cauline broad linear Ivs. ; invol. 



2-leaved ; spk. about 10, on long drooping peduncles; seise 30 40 to each flower, 



68", white. Very conspicuous in meadows and swamps. 

 6 E. gracile Koch. Culm l--2f; Ivs. triquetrous, channelled above, scarce 1" wide; 



ppk. 3 8, on roughish ped. which are 1" 1' 4' long; setae white, 810".. 



8. HEMICARPHA, Nees. Spike many-flowered. Glumes imbri- 

 cated all around. Interior scale 1, embracing the flower and fruit; setas 0. 

 Sta. 1. Style 2-cleft, not bulbous at base, deciduous. Acb. compressed, 

 oblong, subterete. (5) Low, tufted, with setaceous culms and leaves. 



H. snbsquarrosa Nees. Culms 2 '?', curved, the Ivs. shorter; spk. 2 or 3, nearly 

 2", ovoid, sessile together; invol. 2-lvd., 1 continuing the stem; gls. svbtqiiarrous. 

 Handy shores. /3. ItrumnufndH. Sts. 12', spk. only 1. Fulton Co. 111. (J. Wolf.) 



9. LIFOCARPHA, Brown. Spikes many-flowered ; glumes spatu- 

 late, imbricated all around ; interior scales 2, thin, subequal, involving the 

 flower and coating the fruit. Perianth none. Sta. 1. Style 2- or 3-fid ; 

 achenium coated with the scales. @ Culms leafy at base. Spikes numer- 

 ous, collected into an involucrate, terminal head. 



JL. in am la ta Torr. Culm 3-8', the linear-filiform Ivs. shorter; invol. of 2 long Ivs. 

 and 1 short ; spk. 34, ovoid ; glumes very Gc, scarious, marked with red dota 

 and a green midvein ; ach. oblong. Wet grounds, Phila. (Leidy), and S. 



10. FIMBRfSTYLIS, Vahl. Glumes imbricated on all sides ; bristles 

 D. Style compressed, 2-cleft, bulbous at base, deciduous, ciliate-fringed (as 

 the name indicates.) With the habit of Scirpus. Lvs. mostly radical. 



1 F. spadlcea Vahl. Culms 1 3f, hard and rigid ; Ivs. semiterete, rigid, chan- 



nelled ; rays few, exceeding the 2 or 3 invol. bracts ; spk. ovate-obluug, 36" by 2", 

 rust-colored to brown ; sta. 23 ; ach. whitish, minutely netted, if. Salt marshes. 



2 F. laxa Vahl. Culm 312', lax, flattened, striate ; Ivs. flat, linear, glaucous, rough- 



edged ; rays few, shorter than 1 of the invol. bracts ; spk. ovoid, 3", brown ; sta. 1 ; 

 ach. whitish, with G 8 prominent ribs. Clay soils, Pa. to 111., and S. 



3 F. argentea Vahl. Glaucous, tufted; culms 26', setaceous, flattish, like the 



leave? ; spk. straw-colored, 69 in a dense head; invol. Ivs. 4, longer than the culm; 

 gls. lance-ovate, pointed ; sta. 1. (T) Philad. (A. H. Smith\ and S. (F. congesta Torr.) 



11. TRICHELOSTYLIS, Lestib. Glumes in 4 to 8 ranks, carinate; 

 bristles none ; style 3-cleft, deciduous below the bulb (if any) at the base ; 

 achenium triangular. (T) U. Sts. leafy at the base, tufted. Spikes in a 

 terminal head, or umbel, or solitary. 



Spikes rusty-brown, in a cymous umbel, the glumes 615, in 4 rows Nos. 18 



$ Spike* greenish ,r both capitate and umbellate, with linear Ivs. and bracts. .No. 4 



x all capitate in a single head ; bracts dilated at base. ..Noe. 5, 6 



x one only on each culm, or rarely 2 or H, bractcd NOB. 7, 8 



