SYNOPSIS OF LARV33. 53 



from a tubercle. Yellowish on the back, with the 

 tubercles black. Hylotoma, rosce. 



Not yellow on the back, the tubercles in part yellow. 

 H. enodis. 



B. The skin not covered with stiff hairs. 



a. Whitish, with the head and legs black, and the 

 skin marked with black and luteous spots. H. ber- 

 beridis. 



b. Greenish. 



"With white longitudinal lines, and with twenty legs. 

 H. ustulata. 



With a yellow longitudinal line. H. coeruleipennis. 



IV. Larvae without any ventral legs, and with long 

 seven- to eight-jointed antennae. 



A. Living socially between leaves spun together with 

 silken lines. 



a. Green or olive green larvae. Living on Pinus 

 sylvestris. Li/da stellata, L. erythrocephala. 

 b.' Reddish larvae. Lyda pyri. 



B. Solitary larvae. 



a. Living in folded down leaves on birch and poplar. 

 L. sylvatica ; on alder, L. depressa. 



b. Living on the rose in a case formed of pieces of 

 leaves. L. inanita. 



There is one other point in connection with the color- 

 ation of the larvae which requires to be noted ; namely, 

 the striking change in coloration which many of them 

 undergo immediately before pupating. In most cases 

 the change is in the direction of a more obscure 

 generally green coloration. Of this we have a good 

 illustration with many species of Nematus. Other 

 species become brownish, or slate-coloured, while with 

 one or two the change of colour is towards a brighten- 

 ing of the tints. Along with the colour, all hairs, 

 spines, &c., are thrown off, so that the difference between 

 the two skins is often so great that very often the two 

 forms are taken to belong to two distinct species. The 

 reason of the change of dress seems to be this : When 



