CLASSIFICATION. 63 



merit in the classification of the family by dividing 

 it into named sub-families. Of these he made four : 



" 1. Cimbicidcs. Antennae short, clavate, with not 

 more than eight joints, larvae 22-footed, emitting 

 drops of viscid matter from the pores of the body 

 (Cimbex, Perc/a, fyc.). 



" 2. Hylotomides. Antennae 3-jointed, terminal 

 joint greatly elongated, labrum apparent, larvae with 

 eighteen to twenty legs, not emitting drops of viscid 

 matter (Hylotoma). 



" 3. TentJvredinides. Antenna 9- to 14-jointed, 

 simple, filiform to the tip ; labrum apparent, saws 

 with parallel sides (Tenthredo, Nematus, Dolerus, Se- 

 landria, &c.). 



" 4. Ly elides. Antennas multi-articulate, sometimes 

 strongly pectinated in the males ; posterior tibiae 

 often spined in the centre ; labrum minute, saws but 

 slightly serrated at the tip, strongly dilated and 

 elbowed at the base, larvae various (Lyda, Tarpa, and 

 Lophyrus)" 



Athalia was stated to form a connecting link between 

 the Hylotomides and the Tenthredinides, while Cephus, 

 Xyela, and Blasticotcftna were indicated as worthy of 

 elevation into sub-family rank. 



C. G. Thomson (Hymen. Scand., i) has carried 

 out still further Westwood's idea. He grouped the 

 genera into seven tribes : Cimbicwa, Hylotomina, 

 Tenthredina, Blasticotomina, Lydina, Xyelina, and 

 Cephina. In thus distributing them he relied prin- 

 cipally on the form of the antennas, legs, and 

 abdomen. 



Zaddach (Schr. Ges. Konig, xvi) has separated 

 Nematus and its allies from the Tenthredina, among 

 which they were included by Thomson, and formed them 

 into a distinct sub-family. He seems also to indicate 

 that Lophyrus should form a tribe, or at any rate that 

 it should not be united with the Tenthredina. 



The fact that Nematus and its allies have, as larvaa, 

 only twenty legs, while the Tenthredina have twenty- 



