CLADIUS BEULL^EI. 35 



under surface of the leaves of the hawthorn, wild rose, 

 bramble, mountain ash, pear, plum, and birch. When 

 very young the larvae merely eat the epidermis, but as 

 they get older large holes are eaten all over the leaf, 

 and frequently considerable damage is done in this 

 way to pear and plum trees. From the spring eggs 

 the imagos come forth in about five weeks after the 

 eggs were laid, the pupal state lasting from nine to 

 ten days ; the second brood occurs in the autumn often 

 as late as October. I believe there are only two 

 broods in Britain, but on the Continent four broods in 

 the year have been recorded. "When not feeding the 

 larvaa remain rolled up in a ball on the under side of 

 the leaf, and if touched they drop at once to the earth. 



The pupa is greyish-white. The cocoon is of the 

 normal form. 



I have reared Tryphon lucidulus and Ichneutes 

 reunitor, Nees, from the larvse. 



A common and generally distributed species. The 

 aberration with the legs entirely white is very rare in 

 Scotland. In mountainous districts in Scotland I have 

 taken padi at an elevation of 2300 feet. It is generally 

 distributed through Europe. 



7. CLADIUS BRULLJJI. 



Vol. I, PI. V, fig. 1, Larva. Vol. II, PL XIV, 

 fig. 2, Saw. 



Cladius Brullai, Dbm., Consp., 39; Thorns., Hym. Sc., i, 75, 7 ; 



Cam., E. M. M., xii, 42 ; Proc. K H. S. 



Glas., iii, 26, 7; Fauna, 29, 6; Br. 



and Zad., Beob. ii. Blattw. (2), 23, 2. 

 Priophorus geniculatus, Dbm., Consp., 38. 

 Cladius tristis, Zad., Beschr., 11. 

 Priophorus Brull&i, Andre, Species, i, 85 ; Cat., 10,* 2. 



Black ; antennas a little longer than the abdomen, slightly com- 

 pressed, diminishing very noticeably in thickness towards the apex, 

 scarcely pilose, the third joint a little longer than the fourth. Head 

 shining, clothed with fuscous pile, epistoma compressed, the pits 

 below the antennae shallow ; apex of labrum hairy, mandibles black. 

 Thorax black, shining, covered with fuscous pile ; sutures of meso- 



