128 GENUS XIPHYDttlA. 



able from it only by the last peculiarity. Xiphydria, 

 it may be added, has often only one radial cellule, and 

 Hartig gives one as the normal number. 



The larva of Xiphydria was described (Trans. Bnt. 

 Soc., ser. i, vol. iv, 123) by Westwood. It is cylindrical, 

 soft, white, and fleshy. The head is small, and when at 

 rest is obscured by the first three body segments, 

 which are larger than the others. It is also of a 

 harder consistency than the rest of the body, and is 

 placed much lower down than usual. The upper lip 

 is small and rounded in front; the mandibles are 

 strong, short, and have three or four teeth ; the maxillae 

 are composed of two parts, an inner part fleshy and 

 rather hairy at the interior margin, and an outer which 

 is not longer than the inner, but has the rudiments of 

 several joints. The labium has no appendages, and 

 the under jaws and lip are united at their base and 

 have a common motion. The rudimentary antennas 

 are placed a little above the base of the mandibles, are 

 very short, and formed of several small rings, which 

 become gradually smaller towards the apex. The first 

 three body segments are much broader and larger 

 than the head or any of the other segments, are much 

 wrinkled on their upper side when the insect is at rest, 

 but when in motion the wrinkles become inflated and 

 form a smooth surface. The thorax has three pairs of 

 very minute fleshy legs, which appear to be never used. 

 The other segments have no legs, but have a pair of 

 lateral raised fleshy tubercles of the length of the joint, 

 the whole looking like a row of white coral beads along 

 the side. The last segment is larger than any of the 

 immediately preceding, is flattened above, has several 

 impressed lines on its surface, and is rounded beneath. 

 At its apex is a short spine, composed of several pieces 

 of various lengths soldered together, and arising from 

 the centre of a coronet of very minute spines. 



X. dromedarius feeds on willows; X. annulatus on 

 Acer campestris (cf. Giraud, Verh. z.-b. Ges. Wien, 

 iv, p. 603) ; and X camelus is stated by Frauenfeld 



