ASPIDIOTUS OSTKE^EFORMIS. 101 



the sides ; second pair broader than the former, but 

 only about half the length, with the hind margin 

 emarginate, or irregularly notched, forming a wavy 

 outline; third pair obsolete. The first pair of plates 

 are simple and spinelike ; the second finely serrate ; 

 the first two beyond the second lobe simple or bifur- 

 cate; the third, usually, deeply and widely serrate. 

 There are usually five long spines on either side the 

 first at the base of the anterior margin of the median 

 lobes ; the second and third, opposite, are attached to 

 the base of the second lobe; the fourth and fifth 

 considerably beyond, equidistant from the second, 

 and somewhat longer. The body-wall is considerably 

 thickened and chitinised at the base of the plates. 



The second-stage female possesses no ventral circum- 

 genital glands; these organs are not developed until 

 after the final moult. 



Scale of the male (from typical examples on currant) 

 short ovate ; posteriorly extended and widely rounded. 

 Colour olivaceous black, with the posterior extension 

 grey. Examples on the old wood of the plum (PL V, 

 fig. 7) elongate, thick, and of a rough texture owing 

 to the admixture of epidermal tissues of the bark. 

 Colour olivaceous black, except at the posterior ex- 

 tremity, where it is greyish. The most remarkable 

 departure from the type is the form shown at Plate V, 

 fig. 6, which is from a specimen taken by Mr. Green 

 on heather (Calluna, sp.). In this example alteration 

 of form is due to compression by contact with the 

 raised bark of the food-plant. The colour and texture 

 of the puparium is also due, in a great measure, to the 

 epidermal layer of the bark, beneath which the insect 

 insinuates itself and makes the secretionary covering. 

 The larval exuviae are covered with a smooth, white 

 secretion tinged with pale red, and without the central 

 boss seen in the type. 



Long, about 1 mm. 



Male pupa (PI. V, figs. 11 12) yellow, or pale 

 orange yellow ; antennas, legs, wing-cases, and stylus 



