BIVALVIA. 57 



1. MODIOLA MODIOLUS, LinncBus. Tab. VIII, fig. 1, a d. 



MYTILUS MODIOLTJS. Linn. Syst. Nat., ed. 12, No. 256, p. 1158, 1767. 



Da Costa. Brit. Conch., p. 219, t. 15, fig. 5, 1778, (right-hand fig.) 

 Chem. Conch. Cab., vol. viii, p. 178. 

 Donov. Brit. Shells, vol. i, pi. 23, 1799. 

 W. Wood. Ind. Test., p. 53, pi. 12, fig. 31, 1825. 

 Mull. Zool. Danica, pi. 53. 

 Flem. Edin. Ency., vol. vii, pi. 203, fig. 22. 

 CURTUS. Penn. Brit. Zool., p. 112, pi. 64, fig. 76, a. 

 CURVIROSTRATUS. Da Costa. Brit. Conch., p. 220, 1778. 

 UMBILICATUS. Penn. Brit. Zool., ed. iv, vol. iv, p. 112, pi. 65, fig. 76. 

 Mont. Test. Brit., p. 164, 1803. 

 W. Wood. Ind. Test., pi. 12, fig. 49, 1829. 

 BARBATUS. Don. Brit. Shells, vol. ii, pi. 70, 1800. 

 PAPUANUS. Nyst. Coq. Foss. de Belg., p. 271, 1844. 

 MODIOLA PAPUANA? Desk. 2d ed. Lam., t. vii, p. 18. 



Brown. Brit. Conch. Illust., pi. 29, figs. I 4, 1827. 

 Say. Amer. Conch., pi. 45. 

 Leach. Zool. Miscel., vol. ii, p. 33. 

 MODIOLUS. Turt. Brit. Biv., p. 199, pi. 15, fig. 3, 1822. 

 S. Wood. Catalogue, 1840. 



Dekay. Nat. Hist. New York Zool., p. 185, pi. 24, fig. 257, 1843. 

 Forb. and Hani. Hist. Brit. Moll., vol. ii, p. 182, pi. 44, figs. 1, 2, 



1849. 



Midd. Malac. Ross., loc. cit., p. 537, 1849. 

 VULGARIS. Flem. Brit. An., p. 412, 1828. 



Loven. Ind. Moll. Scand., p. 33, 1846. 

 Alder. Cat. Moll. North, and Durh., p. 81, 1847. 

 GRANDIS. Phil. En. Moll. Sic., vol. ii, p. 51, t. 15, fig. 13, 1844. 

 Ency. Meth., p. 219, fig. 1. 



Spec. Char. Testa oblongo-ovatd, gibbd, Icevigatd ; margine dorsali antico brevissimo ; 

 postico producto, subrecto ; margine ventrali subsinuato ; extremitate utraque rotundato. 



Shell oblong-ovate, tumid, and smooth ; anterior dorsal margin very short ; 

 posterior much produced, with hinge-line nearly straight ; ventral margin subsinuated, 

 and both extremities rounded. 

 Locality. Cor. Crag ? 



Red Crag, Button. 



Mam. Crag, Postwick, Bridlington. 



Recent, Britain, N. Seas, Boreal, America, Mediterranean ? 



A few specimens only of this fine shell have been found by myself in the Red Crag, 

 where it does not appear to have been abundant, although occasionally fragments have 

 been met with at distant localities, testifying its somewhat general distribution in that 

 deposit ; a few fragments also of a Modiola of a similar form are in my cabinet from 

 the Coralline Crag at Ramsholt, but the hinge-line being imperfect, I am unable to 



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