WHAT IS ANI lIHOlMtl.OOY 



30 



GRADES OF CULTURE. 



Lower Barbarous Middlo Hiirbarous Upper Barbarous.. 



The art of i>ottery Domcstifintlon.coreals. Smelting, writing.. 



Iroquois;, Muslvolii Zufiois, Aztecs Semitic Races 



Food partly raised, Tortillas, pruols, cacao, | Porridge, milk, dococ 



corn, beans, Ac. 

 Uriiilis. l''ood boiled. 



Shirt, uproii, robe, leg- 

 ^injis, mocassons, 

 head-dress. 



Long-lmuses ami per- 

 manent villages. 



Poli.'«hcd-stone, mor- 

 tar.", wood- working, 

 pottery. 



Bow, club, tomahawk, 

 scalping-knife.of bet- 

 ter make. 



Canoes, litters, carry- 

 ing places. 



chile, iiito.xicants.. 



Varied with rank, 

 highly ornamented, 

 shoos. 



.Stone, adobe, lime. Hat 

 rools, public build- 

 ings, no arch. 



Digging-stick, clay 

 workinp tools, mule 

 trappings. 



Obsidian ax, spear, ob- 

 sidian knife, darts, 

 slings, shields. 



Canals, roads, cause- 

 ways, bridges, llamas, 

 and, later, mules and 

 horses. 



Paint and toggery, 

 carving in stone and 

 wood, embroidei-y, 

 drums, shell-horns, 

 Hutes. 



Deer, rabbits, fish, 

 many birds, cochineal. 



Weaving, felting, dye- 

 ing, stamping, ceram- 

 ics, stone cutting. 



Paint and pendants, 

 te.\tlle, stone, shell 

 and feathers, ttute of 

 10 notes, drums, rat- 

 tles. 



Same as last. Noothers 

 to domesticate. 



Taking from nature, 

 raising crops, making 

 utcnsds, exchange. 



More and softer sounds, 

 holoplirasms longer, 

 wo<xl and rock carv- 

 ings. 



Count ino, wampum in | Vigesimal oount- 

 historic narration, I ing, calendar, natural 

 the stars, use of med- ; histor>-, medicine, 

 icine. maps. I 



Dreams, wandering I Supersfititions, throe- 1 



f hosts, (ire:it and I foldavernus.elenicnt 

 ;vil Spirit, minor de- I worship, seven great I 

 ities and heroes. j gods. I 



tiona, leaven, metal 

 dishes, fruit trees 

 raised. 



Of cotton, linen, and 

 woollen stuffs, varied 

 with rank and occa- 

 sion. 



Sun-dried bricks,8tone, 

 wood, less communal, 

 shops, arches, streets. 



Herding, weaving, 

 mealing, and farming, 

 rude handicraft. 



Flint-locks, wall and 

 moat, sword and 

 lance. 



Bea-sts of burden, floats, 

 open ships, camel 

 trails. 



.Jewelry and scents, 

 massive structures, j 

 music varied, poetry 1 

 ornate. 



Camel, cow, horse, dog, 

 sheep, goat, poultry. | 



Metallurgy, caravan | 

 and ship trade, mar- j 

 kets, fairs. 



Forty sounds, polysyn- Highly inflectional, 

 thetisms euphonic, writing syllabic or at- 

 symbolic writing. j phabetic," literature. 



Astronomy, geography, i 

 medicine, history, I 

 law. ( 



.Monotheistic or poly- | 

 theistic anthropb- i 

 morphism. I 



Religious order sepa- 

 rate, offerings, festi- 

 vals, dances, nature 

 worship. 



Priestly caste, panthc- Sacred books, preach- 

 on, human sacrifices, I ing, prayer, fasting, 

 oaths, vows, fasts, | alms, chants 

 penance^. 



Labor degrading to i Submissive, unchaste 

 men, digiiiti<-d, kinil ' aiul drunkards pun- 

 to aged and children, '■. ishcd, true, kind, chi- 

 cruel. valrous 



Temperate, lewd, po- 

 lite, hospitable, 

 shrewd, brave, trea- 

 cherous. 



Civilized. 



Printing. 



Later .Aryan. 



Everv variety, animal 

 and vegetable. 



DifTerentiatod for sex, 

 rank, and occasion. 



Strictly family, exceod- 

 iagly varied, gas, water 

 pipes. 



Stimulation of invention 

 by protection and pat- 

 ent laws. 



Fire arms perfected, iron 

 clads, signal &ervice,Ac. 



Steam carriage added. 



Architecture, sculpture, 

 music, painting, Del e- 

 lettres. 



Every branch of the ani- 

 mal kingdom. 



Work in land, 

 mines, waters, 

 merce. 



forest, 

 Com- 



Inflected, writing, print- 

 ing, telegraph. 



Science, metaphy.-ics, 

 history, technology, 

 politics. 



God, angels, spirits, fu- 

 ture life, retribution, 

 agnosticism, atheism. 



Public and private. The 

 spirit above the form. 



To love Go<l supremely 

 and our neighbor a.H 

 our.-elves. 



The same, father-right The same, father-right. Patriarchal family, po- | Monogamic family, futh- 

 begins. au'i personal prop«-rty more iiidi- | lyganiv, property in i er-nght. Free State 

 property. | viduali/.ed j sevcnilty, despotism. I 



Marriage by presents, 

 ball g.imes, ossuaries. 



Marriage elaborate, | Uarems, games, bath- i Marriage by priest, sur- 



games, ceremonious- 1 ing, burial near | vival» i)f ceremony, 



ness, attendants shrines. i burial iu graves and 



killed at the grave. ! • I tombi*. 



