OUTLINES OF SOCIOLOGY. 



Lecture delivered in the National Museum, Washington, D. C, April i, 1882 

 by Major J. W. POWEI^L. 



By organized association men live together in bodies 

 politic. That men may live in peace, render each other 

 assistance and act togetjier as units for mutual protection, 

 is the purpose subserved by organized association. In order 

 that men may associate their conduct must be regulated. 

 For the regulation of conduct there must be organization, 

 and the plan upon which a body politic is organized de- 

 pends upon the nature of the regulation for which it is 

 used — organ is adapted to function. 



The organization of the body politic constitutes the state. 



Again, there must be — 



First, some method of determining the particulars of con- 

 duct that require regulation and the quality and (juantity 

 of the regulation recjuired. 



Second, there must be means of enforcing regulation. 



Third, there must be means of determining whether con- 

 duct conforms to rule. The machinery established by a 

 society for accomplishing these purposes constitutes govern- 

 ment. 



Yet again, there are the rules which the body politic de- 

 termines to be necessary for peace, mutual assistance, pro- 

 tection, and the common welfare, and these constitute the 

 law. 



The science of sociology from the nature of the functions 

 of social organization may be fundamentally divided into 

 three subjects — the constitution of the state, the form of the 

 government, and the regulation embodied in the law — the 

 state, the government, the law. 



THE STATE. 



A state is a body politic — an organized group of men 

 with an established government and a body of determined 



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