130 SATURDAY LECTURES. 



Ill 1867, he produced the stereograph. 



In 1869, the cadre a maxima and the micrometric compass^ 



In 1870, he invented the occipital goniometer, an instru- 

 ment for ascertaining the angle of the back of the skull. 



In 1873, he brought to perfection a surprising number of 

 instruments mostly for the investigation of the endocranium, 

 or interior of the skull. A perplexing obstacle in the pur- 

 suit of craniology was the difficulty, or rather, impossibil- 

 ity, of obtaining measurements of the interior without saw- 

 ing open the cranium. This would spoil the specimen and 

 could not, of course, be permitted. The instruments about 

 to be mentioned were to be introduced through the occipital 

 foramen, the large aperture in the base of the skull. 



The cranioscope enabled a bright light to be thrown upon 

 the interior of the skull by means of a mirror and lamp. 



The porte-envpreinte intra-cranien, or intra-cranial molder, 

 is an instrument charged with a piece of wax by which a 

 mold can be obtained of various portions of the interior. 



The eridograph is an ingenious contrivance for tracing on 

 paper the curvatures and outlines of the endocranium for 

 comparison with the external surface. 



The millimetric roulette is a small wheel, graduated in 

 millimetres, for measuring the curved outlines on tracings. 



The endometer is an instrument for measuring internal 

 diameters. 



He invented, also, the sphenoidal crochet and ojjtic sound; 

 the pachymctcr, an instrument for measuring the thickness 

 of the skull at any point ; the turcica crochet; the acoustic 

 sounds; the craniophore; the craniostat; the facial demi-go- 

 nlometer ; the au7^lcular goniometer; the flexible bi-aurlcular 

 square; the cyclometer; the facial median goniometer; the 

 orthogon; the flexible goniometer ; the goniometer of inclination; 

 and the tropometer for measuring the degree of torsion, or 

 twisting, of the humerus, or arm bone, a racial characteristic 

 of importance. 



I fear this list of names has been rather tedious, but it is 

 not only pertinent to the subject as illustrating Broca's 

 mechanical ingenuity, but it ma}^ enable those present who 



