59 



CHAPTER VIII. 



PLANTING BARREN AND EXPOSED DISTRICTS. 



AMONGST the coniferse found suitable for withstanding 

 sea-breezes and exposures on coasts are the following : 

 Pinus montana, P. pumilo, P. pinaster or maritima, P. 

 austriaca, P. sylvestris, and P. laricio, and the silver 

 fir, P. pectinata, all have severally succeeded very 

 well. 



Of the hard wooded sorts, undoubtedly the best to 

 withstand wind in any situation is the plane-tree or 

 sycamore (Acer pseudo-platanus). Its branches being 

 " twiggy," it resists the gales with greater impunity 

 than any other, and forms a fine round head under 

 any disadvantage of exposure. 



Several of the poplars also do well, notably the 

 Populus tremula ; several of the alders in wet situa- 

 tions or soils, as Alnus ghitinosa, and the hoary alder 

 (Alnus incana), Norway maple (Acer platanoides), and 

 many of the numerous members of the willow (Salix) 

 family. In sandy soils, or indeed in pure sand, the 

 goat-willow (Salix caprea) is an excellent variety to 

 plant; also the Huntingdon willow (Salix alba) and 

 the mountain - ash (Pyrus aucuparia). Birch, ash, 

 elm may next in order be named, and lastly, oak 

 and beech. The last mentioned, however, is least 



