158 FARM WEEDS OF CANADA 



OX-EYE DAISY {Chrysanthemum Leucanthemum L.v&T.pinnatifidum 



Lecoq & Lamotte) 



Other English names: White Daisy, White Weed. 

 Other Latin name : Leucanthemum vulgare Lam. 



Introduced from Europe. Perennial, shallow-rooted. Stems 

 numerous, simple or little branched, 1 to 3 feet high. Basal 

 leaves are more or less pinnatifid or coarsely and irregularly 

 toothed; middle and upper stem-leaves narrowly oblong or 

 somewhat lance-shaped, conspicuously pinnatifid at the base. 

 Flower heads solitary on long, naked footstalks, very handsome, 

 1^ to 2 inches across; rays 20 to 30, pure white, spreading, 2 to 

 3-toothed at the apex; centre flowers yellow. 



The seed (Plate 76, fig. 84) is 1/12 of an inch long, club- 

 shaped or elongate-ovate, usually curved, almost straight on 

 one side and convex on the other, the knob-like scar at the top 

 prominent; 10 well-defined white ridges run the whole length 

 of the seed, meeting at both ends; between these ridges the 

 surface of the seed is black, minutely dotted with white; no 

 pappus. A single plant produces from 5,000 to 8,000 seeds. 



Time of flowering : June ; seeds ripe in July. 



Propagation: By short offsets from the woody rootstock, 

 and more abundantly by seeds. 



Occurrence: Enormously abundant in old pastures, in 

 meadows and by roadsides from the Atlantic Coast to the borders 

 of Manitoba and occasional along the railways to the Pacific 

 Coast. 



Injury: A vigorous, persistent weed in old meadows, where 

 it soon chokes out the grass. It frequently gives trouble in 

 lawns. The seed is common in timothy and other grass seeds. 



Remedy : Sow clean seed. Shallow plowing of sod in August, 

 with thorough cultivation from time to time until frost, will 



